Parathion

Parathion
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
O,O-Diethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phosphorothioate
Other names
E605
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
2059093
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.247 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-271-7
KEGG
RTECS number
  • TF4550000
UNII
UN number 3018 2783
  • InChI=1S/C10H14NO5PS/c1-3-14-17(18,15-4-2)16-10-7-5-9(6-8-10)11(12)13/h5-8H,3-4H2,1-2H3 checkY
    Key: LCCNCVORNKJIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C10H14NO5PS/c1-3-14-17(18,15-4-2)16-10-7-5-9(6-8-10)11(12)13/h5-8H,3-4H2,1-2H3
    Key: LCCNCVORNKJIRZ-UHFFFAOYAR
  • S=P(Oc1ccc(cc1)[N+]([O-])=O)(OCC)OCC
Properties
C10H14NO5PS
Molar mass 291.26 g·mol−1
Appearance White crystals (pure form)
Melting point 6 °C (43 °F; 279 K)
24 mg/L
Solubility in other solvents high solubility

in xylene and butanol

Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS06: ToxicGHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H300, H311, H330, H372, H410
P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P310, P312, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
1
2
Flash point 120 °C (248 °F; 393 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
5 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
10 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)
3 mg/kg (dog, oral)
0.93 mg/kg (cat, oral)
5 mg/kg (horse, oral)
8 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral)
2 mg/kg (rat, oral)[3]
84 mg/m3 (rat, 4 hr)[3]
50 mg/m3 (rabbit, 2 hr)
14 mg/m3 (guinea pig, 2 hr)
15 mg/m3 (mouse)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 none (methyl parathion),[1] TWA 0.1 mg/m3 [skin] (ethyl parathion)[2]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 0.2 mg/m3 [skin] (methyl parathion)[1] TWA 0.05 mg/m3 [skin] (ethyl parathion)[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 N.D. (methyl parathion)[1] 10 mg/m3 (ethyl parathion)[2]
Safety data sheet (SDS) [1]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Parathion, also called parathion-ethyl or diethyl parathion and locally[clarification needed] known as "Folidol", is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide. It was originally developed by IG Farben in the 1940s. It is highly toxic to non-target organisms, including humans, so its use has been banned or restricted in most countries. The basic structure is shared by parathion methyl.[5]

  1. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0427". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0479". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ a b c "Parathion". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. ^ "Hazard Rating Information for NFPA Fire Diamonds". Archived from the original on 2015-02-17. Retrieved 2015-03-13.
  5. ^ "Parathion". www.fao.org. Retrieved 2020-04-17.