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| Pedunculopontine nucleus | |
|---|---|
 Pedunculopontine nucleus at number 13 | |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | nucleus tegmentalis pedunculopontinus |
| MeSH | D045042 |
| NeuroNames | 504 |
| NeuroLex ID | birnlex_1437 |
| TA98 | A14.1.06.336 |
| TA2 | 5895 |
| FMA | 72429 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) or pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT or PPTg) is a collection of neurons located in the upper pons in the brainstem.[1][2] It is involved in voluntary movements,[3] arousal, and provides sensory feedback to the cerebral cortex and one of the main components of the reticular activating system.[4][5] It is a potential target for deep brain stimulation treatment for Parkinson's disease.[6] It was first described in 1909 by Louis Jacobsohn-Lask, a German neuroanatomist.[7][8]
- ^ Jankovic, Joseph (2015). "Gait disorders". In Jankovic, Joseph (ed.). Movement Disorders, An Issue of Neurologic Clinics. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. pp. 249–268. ISBN 978-0-323-35446-2.
- ^ French, IT; Muthusamy, KA (2018). "A Review of the Pedunculopontine Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease". Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 10: 99. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2018.00099. PMC 5933166. PMID 29755338.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Tsangwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Garcia-Rill E (1991). "The pedunculopontine nucleus". Prog. Neurobiol. 36 (5): 363–89. doi:10.1016/0301-0082(91)90016-t. PMID 1887068. S2CID 40467457.
- ^ Winn P (October 2006). "How best to consider the structure and function of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus: evidence from animal studies". J. Neurol. Sci. 248 (1–2): 234–50. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.036. PMID 16765383. S2CID 23034945.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Jenkinson N, Nandi D (July 2009). "Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathophysiology of the Pedunculopontine Nucleus". Mov Disord. 24 (3): 319–328. doi:10.1002/mds.22189. PMID 19097193. S2CID 14475183.
- ^ Über die Kerne des menschlichen Hirnstamms (Medulla oblongata, Pons und Pedunculus cerebri), Berlin, 1909. pag. 58, fig. 22