Peninsula Extension

Peninsula Extension
The Peninsula Extension of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway led to Hampton Roads at Newport News, Virginia where West Virginia coal was loaded aboard colliers and shipped worldwide.
Overview
Other name(s)Peninsula Subdivision
OwnerCSX Transportation
Termini
History
Completed16 October 1881 (1881-10-16)
Technical
Line length82.3 mi (132.4 km)
Number of tracks2
Track gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm)
Peninsula Subdivision
Piedmont Subdivision
Richmond Main Street
Elko
SR 609
Barnetts Road
Providence Forge
Virginia 155.svg
SR 155
Courthouse Road
SR 602
Townsend Road
SR 650
Landing Road
Walkers
Hicks Island
Diascund
SR 603
Diascund Road
US 60.svg
US 60
Richmond Road
Toano
SR 607
Croaker Road
Norge
Kelton (Lightfoot)
SR 646
Lightfoot Road
Virginia 199.svg
SR 199
Humelsine Parkway
Ewell
SR 645
Airport Road
US 60.svg
US 60
Bypass Road
Williamsburg
Virginia 132.svg
SR 132
Henry Street
Capitol Landing Road
US 60.svg
US 60
Page Street
Penniman spur
Virginia 199.svg
SR 199
Humelsine Parkway
Busch Gardens Boulevard
Grove
Lee Hall
Virginia 238.svg
SR 238
Yorktown Road
City Reservoir
Virginia 105.svg
SR 105
Fort Eustis Boulevard
Amoco industrial track
Virginia 173.svg
SR 173
Denbigh Boulevard
Oriana
Bland Boulevard
Newport News
Transportation Center
end of
passenger service
Virginia 171.svg
SR 171
Oyster Point Road
Oyster Point
City Center Boulevard
Virginia 311.svg SR 311
J. Clyde Morris Blvd.
/Avenue of the Arts
Virginia 306.svg
SR 306
Harpersville Road
Morrison
Virginia 152.svg
SR 152
Main Street
Center Avenue
Newport News
US 258.svg
US 258
Mercury Boulevard
Virginia 351.svg
SR 351
39th Street
US 60.svg
US 60
28th Street
I-664.svg
I-664
off ramp
(26th Street)
I-664.svg
I-664
off ramp
(M.L. King Jr. Way)
Harbor Access Road
Newport News
Marine Terminal
Source[1]

The Peninsula Extension which created the Peninsula Subdivision of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) was the new railroad line on the Virginia Peninsula from Richmond to southeastern Warwick County. Its principal purpose was to provide an important new pathway for coal mined in West Virginia to reach the harbor of Hampton Roads for coastal and export shipping on collier ships.

Completed on 16 October 1881, the new double-tracked railroad and the other development visions of industrialist Collis Potter Huntington resulted in a 15-year transition of the rural farm village of Newport News into a new independent city which also became home to the world's largest shipyard. The railroad, one of the later developed in Virginia, became important to many communities, opening transportation options, and stimulating commerce and military operations on the Peninsula throughout the 20th century.

Over 125 years after it opened, many of the stations are gone. Spur lines have both come and gone. Also gone are the steam locomotives, save one on display at Huntington Park in Newport News, another at the Science Museum of Virginia in Richmond, and a third which was left buried in Richmond's Church Hill Tunnel.

Despite the changes, in the early 21st century, the rails of the Peninsula Subdivision continue to form an important link for Amtrak service from Williamsburg and Newport News. High quality bituminous coal was the motivation for originally building the line, and current owner CSX Transportation continues day and night to deliver massive amounts of it to be loaded onto ships destined for points worldwide.