Persecution of Hazaras

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The Hazaras have long been the subjects of persecution in Afghanistan. The Hazaras are mostly from Afghanistan, primarily from the central regions of Afghanistan, known as Hazarajat. Significant communities of Hazara people also live in Quetta, Pakistan and in Mashad, Iran, as part of the Hazara and Afghan diasporas.

During the reign of Amir Abdur Rahman (1880–1901), millions of Hazaras were massacred, expelled, and displaced.^[3] Half the population of Hazarajat were killed or fled to neighboring regions of Balochistan in British India^[4] and Khorasan in Iran.^[3] This led to Pashtuns and other groups occupying parts of Hazarajat. The Hazara people have also been the victims of massacres committed by the Taliban and al-Qaeda.

Conditions improved for the Hazaras in Afghanistan during the post-Taliban era. However, Hazaras who lived in the southern provinces of Afghanistan continued to face unofficial discrimination at the hands of Pashtuns.^[5]

Today (2021–present), widespread ethnic discrimination,^[6][7][8] religious persecution,^[9][10] organized attacks by terrorist groups,^[11][12] harassment and arbitrary arrest of Hazara women and girls under various reasons,^[13][14] kidnapping, rape and torture of Hazara girls and women in prison,^[15][16][17] seizures of Hazara lands and homes,^[18][19][20] imposing deliberate economic restrictions and creating deliberate economic backwardness of Hazara regions,^[21][22][23] seizing agricultural fields and forcing Hazara farmers to migrate or flee from Afghanistan,^[24][25] occupying pastures of Hazara areas by Pashtun nomads and Taliban supporters,^[26][27] and numerous cases of human rights violations against Hazaras have caused many Hazaras to be displaced and gradually forced to flee Afghanistan.^{[28][29][30][31]}