Pharming, a portmanteau of farming and pharmaceutical, refers to the use of genetic engineering to insert genes that code for useful pharmaceuticals into host animals or plants that would otherwise not express those genes, thus creating a genetically modified organism (GMO).[1][2] Pharming is also known as molecular farming, molecular pharming,[3] or biopharming.[4]
The products of pharming are recombinant proteins or their metabolic products. Recombinant proteins are most commonly produced using bacteria or yeast in a bioreactor, but pharming offers the advantage to the producer that it does not require expensive infrastructure, and production capacity can be quickly scaled to meet demand, at greatly reduced cost.[5]
- ^ Quinion, Michael. "Molecular farming". World Wide Words. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
- ^ Norris, Sonya (4 July 2005). "Molecular pharming". Library of Parliament. Parliament of Canada. PRB 05-09E. Archived from the original on May 7, 2010. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
- ^ Humphreys, John M; Chapple, Clint (2000). "Molecular 'pharming' with plant P450s". Trends Plant Sci. 5 (7): 271–2. Bibcode:2000TPS.....5..271H. doi:10.1016/S1360-1385(00)01680-0. PMID 10871897.
- ^ Miller, Henry I. (2003). "Will we reap what biopharming sows?". Commentary. Nat. Biotechnol. 21 (5): 480–1. doi:10.1038/nbt0503-480. PMID 12721561. S2CID 39136534.
- ^ Kaiser, Jocelyn (25 April 2008). "Is the Drought Over for Pharming?" (PDF). Science. 320 (5875): 473–5. doi:10.1126/science.320.5875.473. PMID 18436771. S2CID 28407422.
