Philotheus I of Constantinople

Saint

Philotheus I of Constantinople
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
ChurchChurch of Constantinople
In officeNovember 1353 – 1354
8 October 1364 – end of 1376
PredecessorCallistus I of Constantinople
SuccessorCallistus I of Constantinople, Macarius of Constantinople
Personal details
Bornc. 1300
Thessalonica
Died1379
Constantinople
Sainthood
Feast day11 October
Venerated inOrthodox Church
Theological work
LanguageGreek
Tradition or movementPalamism
Main interestsHesychasm
Palamism
Hymnography

Philotheos Kokkinos (Greek: Φιλόθεος Κόκκινος; c. 1300 – 1379) was the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for two periods from November 1353 to 1354 and 1364 to 1376, and a leader of the Byzantine monastic and religious revival in the 14th century. His numerous theological, liturgical, and canonical works received wide circulation not only in Byzantium but throughout the Slavic Orthodox world.[1][note 1]

He was appointed patriarch in 1353 by the emperor John VI Kantakouzenos, deposed by John V Palaiologos in 1354, then restored to the patriarchal throne in 1364. He opposed Emperor John V in his intent to negotiate the political re-union of the churches with Popes Urban V and Gregory XI. Instead, in 1367 he supported the proposed assembly of an authentic, ecumenical union-council, in order to properly resolve the differences with the Western Church.[3][4]

He is commemorated on October 11,[5][6][7] and is regarded as a "Protector of Orthodoxy", alongside Saints Photios the Great, Mark Evgenikos, and Gregory Palamas.[8][note 2]

  1. ^ "Philotheus Kokkinos." Britannica Library, Encyclopædia Britannica, 20 Jul. 1998. Accessed 9 Nov. 2020.
  2. ^ John Meyendorff. Byzantium and the Rise of Russia: A Study of Byzantino-Russian Relations in the Fourteenth Century. Cambridge University Press, 2010. p. 178.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference SYNAXARION-MAKARIOS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference MEY1978 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Venerable Philotheus, Patriarch of Constantinople. The Orthodox Church in America (OCA ) - The Lives of the Saints. Retrieved: November 9, 2020.
  6. ^ Great Synaxaristes: (in Greek) Ὁ Ἅγιος Φιλόθεος ὁ Κόκκινος, Πατριάρχης Κωνσταντινούπολης. 11 ΟΚΤΩΒΡΙΟΥ. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
  7. ^ (in Greek) Συναξαριστής. 11 Οκτωβρίου. ECCLESIA.GR. (H ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ).
  8. ^ "St. Philotheos Kokkinos, Patriarch of Constantinople icon." Paracletos Greek Orthodox Monastery, Abbeville, SC. Retrieved: 25 November 2020.


Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).