Pinus ponderosa

This article is about the tree. For the plant community that is dominated by this tree, see Ponderosa pine forest.
"Ponderosa pines" redirects here. For the place, see Ponderosa Pines, Montana.

Pinus ponderosa
Pinus ponderosa subsp. ponderosa

Secure  (NatureServe)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Gymnospermae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Pinus
Subgenus: P. subg. Pinus
Section: P. sect. Trifoliae
Subsection: P. subsect. Ponderosae
Species:
P. ponderosa
Binomial name
Pinus ponderosa
Natural range of Pinus ponderosa
green - P. ponderosa subsp. ponderosa
red - P. ponderosa subsp. benthamiana
blue - P. ponderosa subsp. scopulorum
yellow - P. ponderosa subsp. brachyptera

Pinus ponderosa, commonly known as the ponderosa pine,[3] bull pine, blackjack pine,[4] western yellow-pine,[5] or filipinus pine,[6] is a very large pine tree species of variable habitat native to mountainous regions of western North America. It is the most widely distributed pine species in North America.[7]: 4 

Pinus ponderosa grows in various erect forms from British Columbia southward and eastward through 16 western U.S. states and has been introduced in temperate regions of Europe and in New Zealand. It was first documented in modern science in 1826 in eastern Washington near present-day Spokane (of which it is the official city tree).[8][9] On that occasion, David Douglas misidentified it as Pinus resinosa (red pine). In 1829, Douglas concluded that he had a new pine among his specimens and coined the name Pinus ponderosa[10] for its heavy wood. In 1836, it was formally named and described by Charles Lawson, a Scottish nurseryman.[11] It was adopted as the official state tree of Montana[12] in 1949.[13]

  1. ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Pinus ponderosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42401A2977432. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42401A2977432.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ NatureServe (2024). "Pinus ponderosa". Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
  3. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "​Pinus ponderosa​". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 31 January 2016; with distribution map.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  4. ^ Moore, Gerry; Kershner, Bruce; Tufts, Craig; Mathews, Daniel; Nelson, Gil; Spellenberg, Richard; Thieret, John W.; Purinton, Terry; Block, Andrew (2008). National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America. New York, New York: Sterling. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-4027-3875-3.
  5. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  6. ^ Marcus, M, P (1969). United States Pines, Local Nomenclatures and Their Origins. Bonanza Books. pp. 420–422.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ Safford, H.D. 2013. Natural Range of Variation (NRV) for yellow pine and mixed conifer forests in the bioregional assessment area, including the Sierra Nevada, southern Cascades, and Modoc and Inyo National Forests. Unpublished report. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, Vallejo, CA, [1]
  8. ^ "Ponderosa pine named Spokane's official city tree | The Spokesman-Review". www.spokesman.com. Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  9. ^ Groover, Heidi. "Hey, Spokane, you now have a city tree". Inlander. Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  10. ^ Lauria, F. (1996). "The identity of Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson (Pinaceae)" (PDF). Linzer Biologische Beitraege.
  11. ^ The agriculturist's manual: being a familiar description of agricultural plants cultivated in Europe. Edinburgh U.K.: William Blackwood and Sons. 1836.
  12. ^ Dickson, Tom. "Ponderosa Pine". Montana Outdoors. Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. Archived from the original on April 29, 2015. Retrieved February 18, 2015.
  13. ^ "American Profile". March 13, 2021.