Polar filament

The term polar filament may refer to either of two analogous structures used for host invasion by different groups of parasites: Myxozoa (Metazoa)^[1] and Microsporidia (Fungi),^[2]^[3] respectively.

^ Americus, Benjamin; Lotan, Tamar; Bartholomew, Jerri L.; Atkinson, Stephen D. (2020). "A comparison of the structure and function of nematocysts in free-living and parasitic cnidarians (Myxozoa)". International Journal for Parasitology. 50 (10–11): 763–769. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.04.012. PMID 32707121.
^ Xu, Yanji; Weiss, Louis M. (2005). "The microsporidian polar tube: A highly specialised invasion organelle". International Journal for Parasitology. 35 (9): 941–953. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.04.003. PMC 3109658. PMID 16005007.
^ Frixione, Eugenio; Ruiz, Lourdes; Santillán, Moisés; De Vargas, Lourdes V.; Tejero, José M.; Undeen, Albert H. (1992). "Dynamics of polar filament discharge and sporoplasm expulsion by microsporidian spores". Cytoskeleton. 22 (1): 38–50. doi:10.1002/cm.970220105.

[Americus-1] Americus, Benjamin; Lotan, Tamar; Bartholomew, Jerri L.; Atkinson, Stephen D. (2020). "A comparison of the structure and function of nematocysts in free-living and parasitic cnidarians (Myxozoa)". International Journal for Parasitology. 50 (10–11): 763–769. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.04.012. PMID 32707121.

[2] Xu, Yanji; Weiss, Louis M. (2005). "The microsporidian polar tube: A highly specialised invasion organelle". International Journal for Parasitology. 35 (9): 941–953. doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.04.003. PMC 3109658. PMID 16005007.

[3] Frixione, Eugenio; Ruiz, Lourdes; Santillán, Moisés; De Vargas, Lourdes V.; Tejero, José M.; Undeen, Albert H. (1992). "Dynamics of polar filament discharge and sporoplasm expulsion by microsporidian spores". Cytoskeleton. 22 (1): 38–50. doi:10.1002/cm.970220105.

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