Polish speculative fiction

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Science fiction and fantasy in Poland dates to the late 18th century. However, science fiction as a genre in Polish literature truly began to emerge at the end of the 19th century under the influence of Jules Verne's work. During the latter years of the People's Republic of Poland, a very popular genre of science fiction was social science fiction. Later, many other genres gained prominence.

Poland has many science-fiction writers. Internationally, the best known Polish science-fiction writer is the late Stanisław Lem. In fact, the term science fiction was first used in a review of one of Lem's books,^[1] and he is widely regarded as the most prominent representative of Polish science fiction literature.^[2] As elsewhere, Polish science fiction is closely related to the genres of fantasy, horror and others.

In the 1970s, the first fandom organizations appeared in Poland, along with the publication of the earliest zines.^[3] While many English-language writers have been translated into Polish, relatively little Polish-language science fiction (or fantasy) has been translated into English.