- 5 October 1842 – The first batch of Pilsner Urquell beer is produced
- 6 October 1923 – Foundation of Czechoslovak Airlines, now known as Czech Airlines
- 9 October 1410 – First mention of the Prague astronomical clock (pictured)
- 24 October 1526 – Ferdinand I becomes King of Bohemia, starting a period of nearly 400 years of Habsburg rule over Czech lands
- 28 October 1918 – The independent state of Czechoslovakia is founded in Prague