Psychiatry medical specialty devoted to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of deleterious mental conditions . These include various matters related to mood, behaviour, cognition , perceptions , and emotions.
Initial psychiatric assessment of a person begins with creating a case history and conducting a mental status examination . Physical examinations, psychological tests , and laboratory tests may be conducted. On occasion, neuroimaging or other neurophysiological studies are performed. Mental disorders are diagnosed in accordance with diagnostic manuals such as the International Classification of Diseases World Health Organization (WHO), and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders American Psychiatric Association (APA). The fifth edition of the DSM (DSM-5 ), published in May 2013, reorganized the categories of disorders and added newer information and insights consistent with current research.
Treatment may include psychotropics (psychiatric medicines), interventional approaches and psychotherapy , and also other modalities such as assertive community treatment , community reinforcement , substance-abuse treatment , and supported employment . Treatment may be delivered on an inpatient or outpatient basis, depending on the severity of functional impairment or risk to the individual or community. Research within psychiatry is conducted on an interdisciplinary basis with other professionals, such as epidemiologists , nurses , social workers , occupational therapists , and clinical psychologists . (Full article...
The Suicide by Édouard Manet (1877–1881)Suicide (
Latin suicidium , from
sui caedere , "to kill oneself") is the act of intentionally causing one's own
death . Suicide is often carried out as a result of
despair , the cause of which is frequently attributed to a
mental disorder such as
depression ,
bipolar disorder ,
schizophrenia ,
borderline personality disorder ,
alcoholism , or
drug abuse . Stress factors such as
financial difficulties or troubles with
interpersonal relationships often play a role. Efforts to prevent suicide include limiting access to firearms, treating mental illness and drug misuse, and improving economic development. Although
crisis hotlines are common, there is little evidence for their effectiveness.
(Full article...)
The following are images from various psychiatry-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 Republican Vilnius Psychiatric Hospital in Naujoji Vilnia, one of the largest health facilities in
Lithuania , built in 1902 (from
Psychiatric hospital )
Image 2 The
York Retreat (c.1796) was built by
William Tuke , a pioneer of moral treatment for the insane. (from
History of psychiatry )
Image 3 Danvers State Hospital, Danvers, Massachusetts, Kirkbride Complex,
c. 1893 (from
Psychiatric hospital )
Image 5 Lord Shaftesbury , a vigorous campaigner for the reform of lunacy law in England, and the Head of the
Lunacy Commission for 40 years. (from
History of psychiatry )
Image 6 The
Art Nouveau -styled Röykkä Hospital, formerly known as
Nummela Sanatorium , in
Röykkä , Finland (from
Psychiatric hospital )
Image 7 Plan of the
Bethlem Royal Hospital , an early public asylum for the mentally ill.
Image 8 William A. F. Browne was an influential reformer of the lunatic asylum in the mid-19th century, and an advocate of the new 'science' of
phrenology . (from
History of psychiatry )
Image 10 Emil Kraepelin studied and promoted ideas of disease classification for mental disorders. (from
History of psychiatry )
Image 11 Otto Loewi 's work led to the identification of the first neurotransmitter,
acetylcholine . (from
History of psychiatry )
Image 13 Dr. Philippe Pinel at the Salpêtrière, 1795 by
Tony Robert-Fleury . Pinel ordering the removal of chains from patients at the Paris Asylum for insane women. (from
History of psychiatry )
Image 14 York Retreat , built in the late 18th century by
William Tuke , a pioneer in moral treatment of the mentally ill (from
Psychiatric hospital )
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