- September 8, 1380 - Battle of Kulikovo: A Russian force defeated a significantly larger Blue Horde army at Kulikovo Field.
- September 12, 1723 - Russo-Persian War (1722–1723): The Persian shah signed a peace treaty ceding the cities of Derbent and Baku and the provinces of Shirvan, Guilan, Mazandaran and Gorgan to the Russian Empire.
- September 16, 1658 - Russo-Polish War (1654–1667): The Treaty of Hadiach established a military alliance between Poland and the Zaporozhian Cossacks, and promised the latter a separate state within the Commonwealth.
- September 18, 1739 - Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739): The Treaty of Niš ended the war. Russia gave up its claims on Crimea and Moldavia and its navy was barred from the Black Sea.
- September 25, 1768 - Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774): The Ottoman sultan declared war on Russia.