2015: Hurricane Joaquin, one of the worst hurricanes to hit the Bahamas on record, sunk the SS El Faro, killing 33 crew aboard.
1858: A hurricane hit San Diego, California, the only known hurricane ever to strike the Pacific coast of the United States.
2010: The storm system that would eventually become Hurricane Otto began producing torrential rains in the northeastern Caribbean Sea, eventually bringing more than 20 inches (51 cm) of rain to the US and British Virgin Islands.
1869: The 1869 Saxby Gale, an Atlantic hurricane, killed more than 100 people around the Bay of Fundy.
1948: A hurricane made three landfalls in one day, passing over Havana, Cuba and Miami, Florida in the process.
1941: A major hurricane made landfall in southern Florida, killing at least 10 people in the US and Bahamas.
2014: The Himawari 8 geostationary weather satellite, operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency, was launched from the Tanegashima Space Center.
1976: Hurricane Madeline made landfall near Zihuatanejo, Mexico, killing 7 people.
1943: An unnamed hurricane made landfall near Mazatlán, Mexico, killing around 100 people.
1780: The Great Hurricane of 1780, the deadliest tropical cyclone ever in the Atlantic Ocean, began its trek through the Caribbean Sea, which eventually led to the deaths of 27,500 people.
2005: Hurricane Vince made landfall on the Iberian Peninsula as a tropical depression, the only tropical cyclone since the 1800s to do so.
1981: Hurricane Norma made landfall near Mazatlán, Mexico, killing one person and causing severe crop damage. Its remnants would later cause severe flooding in Texas and Oklahoma, killing five more people.
1998: Typhoon Zeb reached peak intensity east of the Philippines, with maximum sustained winds of 180 miles per hour (290 km/h). The storm would make landfall near Ilagan the next day, killing more than 100 people.
1761: A tornado touched down in the area of Great Malvern, Worcestershire, in England.
1972: The NOAA-2 weather satellite was launched. NOAA-2 operated for more than 2 years in a polar orbit, returning radiometric data about cloud cover and atmospheric temperature around the globe.
1975: GOES-1, the first Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite was launched to observe cloud patterns, surface temperatures, and other atmospheric trends best viewed from space.
1091: One of the earliest recorded tornadoes killed two people in London.
1985: Typhoon Dot, one of the most severe tropical cyclones ever to strike the area, struck the Bicol Region of the Philippines, killing 101 people.
1989: Typhoon Elsie struck Luzon, Philippines, as a category 5 storm, killing 47 people.
2004: Typhoon Tokage made landfall on southern Japan, killing 95 people.
1972: Cyclone Bebe struck Funafuti atoll in the Ellice Islands (now Tuvalu), completely flooding the island and killing 6 people.
1943: The crew of a German U-boat covertly planted Weather Station Kurt in northern Newfoundland and Labrador, attempting to gain an advantage in wartime weather forecasting.
1971: Typhoon Hester made landfall near Huế, South Vietnam (now Vietnam), killing more than 100 people.
2008: An unusual tropical cyclone made landfall in Yemen, causing historic floods which resulted in nearly $1 billion in damage and killed 180 people.
1992: Tropical Storm Zeke, the record-breaking 24th named storm of the 1992 Pacific hurricane season, formed over the open ocean south of Baja California.
1996: An unusual autumn tornado outbreak struck the northern Great Plains, including 14 in Minnesota, which was more than had ever struck the state for the entire month of October.
1959: An unnamed hurricane, the deadliest and one of the strongest ever to make landfall in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, struck Mexico near Manzanillo, Colima, killing around 1800 people.
1996: The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Lili struck Great Britain, causing ₤150 million in damage and killing two people.
2011: An unseasonably severe snowstorm caused dozens of deaths and record power outages in New England and the Mid-Atlantic states.
2005: Hurricane Beta, the last major hurricane of the hyperactive 2005 Atlantic hurricane season, reached peak intensity with maximum sustained winds of 115 miles per hour (185 km/h) off the coast of Nicaragua.
1876: One of the deadliest tropical cyclones in history struck the Backergunge District of British India (present-day Bangladesh), killing 100,000 people directly. Another 100,000 people would die in a subsequent famine.