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A portfolio career comprises a variety of roles rather than one job at a single organisation. It can be a career that combines multiple paid and/or voluntary roles. The philosopher and organisational behaviourist Charles Handy popularised the "portfolio" concept[1] in works like his 1994 book The Empty Raincoat.[2] Handy's recognition of the portfolio career-path came about when he realised that individuals would be required to develop portable skillsets to meet the needs of a fast-moving future workplace.[3] His prediction foresaw what is now known as the gig economy.[4]
In 2006 journalist Penelope Trunk wrote on her blog that the rise of portfolio careers came "as members of Generation X entered the workforce. Two-thirds of them were looking for an alternative to full-time employment as a more efficient path to self-discovery and finding the right career."[5]
Portfolio careers are often found in the creative industries where freelancing is the norm.[6] Economic conditions[which?] mean many are now[when?] actively choosing to pursue portfolio careers to make the most of their earning potential.[7][need quotation to verify]
[...] economist and management writer Charles Handy, who popularized the idea, described in his book The Empty Raincoat:
'Going portfolio means exchanging full-time employment for independence [...].'
Portfolio careers are common in the creative industries, where freelancing is normal and low incomes often make a second job a necessity.