Post-Marxism

This article is about the political philosophy that reinterprets Marxism. For the study of formerly socialist states, see postsocialism. For the economic and political transformations that occurred in certain countries as a result of the fall of their communist governments, see post-communism.
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Post-Marxism is a perspective in critical social theory which radically reinterprets Marxism, countering its association with economism, historical determinism, anti-humanism, and class reductionism,[1] whilst remaining committed to the construction of socialism.[2][3] Most notably, Post-Marxists are anti-essentialist, rejecting the primacy of class struggle, and instead focus on building radical democracy.[4][5][6] Post-Marxism can be considered a synthesis of post-structuralist[7][8][9] frameworks and neo-Marxist[10] analysis,[11] in response to the decline of the New Left after the protests of 1968.[12] In a broader sense, post-Marxism can refer to Marxists or Marxian-adjacent theories which break with the old worker's movements and socialist states entirely,[13] in a similar sense to Post-leftism,[14][15] and accept that the era of mass revolution premised on the Fordist worker is potentially over.[16]

The term "Post-Marxism" first appeared in Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe's theoretical work Hegemony and Socialist Strategy.[17][18] Post-Marxism is a wide category not well-defined, containing the work of Laclau and Mouffe[19][20] on the one hand, and some strands of autonomism and Open Marxism,[21] post-structuralism,[22][23] cultural studies,[24] ex-Marxists[25] and Deleuzian-inspired[26] 'politics of difference'[27][28] on the other.[29] Recent overviews of post-Marxism are provided by Ernesto Screpanti,[30] Göran Therborn,[31] and Gregory Meyerson.[32] Prominent post-Marxist journals include New Formations,[33] Constellations,[34] Endnotes,[35] Crisis and Critique[36] and Arena.[37]

  1. ^ MCLENNAN, GREGOR (1996). "POST-MARXISM AND THE 'FOUR SINS' OF MODERNIST THEORIZING" (PDF). New Left Review (I/218): 53–74.
  2. ^ Callinicos, Alex (2022). Routledge Handbook of Marxism and Post-Marxism (1st ed.). Routledge.
  3. ^ Arditi, Benjamin (September 2007). "Post-hegemony: politics outside the usual post-Marxist paradigm". Contemporary Politics. 13 (3): 205–226. doi:10.1080/13569770701467411. S2CID 154296914.
  4. ^ Sim, Stuart (2022). Reflections on Post-Marxism: Laclau and Mouffe's Project of Radical Democracy in the 21st Century. Policy Press. ISBN 978-1-5292-2183-1.[page needed]
  5. ^ Mclean, Ian; Mcmillan, Alistair (2003) The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics (Article: State). Oxford University Press.
  6. ^ Mouffe, Chantal (June 1995). "Post-Marxism: Democracy and Identity". Environment and Planning D: Society and Space. 13 (3): 259–265. Bibcode:1995EnPlD..13..259M. doi:10.1068/d130259. S2CID 144784412.
  7. ^ Jacobs, Thomas (2 October 2018). "The Dislocated Universe of Laclau and Mouffe: An Introduction to Post-Structuralist Discourse Theory". Critical Review. 30 (3–4): 294–315. doi:10.1080/08913811.2018.1565731. hdl:1854/LU-8600661. S2CID 150207035.
  8. ^ bloomsbury.com. "Marx Through Post-Structuralism". Bloomsbury. Retrieved 15 May 2023.
  9. ^ "Alberto Toscano: Solidarity and Political Work | Historical Materialism". www.historicalmaterialism.org. 30 April 2018. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  10. ^ Ritzer, George; Schubert, J. Daniel (1991). "The Changing Nature of Neo-Marxist Theory: A Metatheoretical Analysis". Sociological Perspectives. 34 (3): 359–375. doi:10.2307/1389516. JSTOR 1389516. S2CID 146959219.
  11. ^ Peters, Michael A.; Neilson, David; Jackson, Liz (6 December 2022). "Post-marxism, humanism and (post)structuralism: Educational philosophy and theory". Educational Philosophy and Theory. 54 (14): 2331–2340. doi:10.1080/00131857.2020.1824783. S2CID 224983298.
  12. ^ "post-Marxism". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  13. ^ Mills, Charles W. (23 March 2017). Black Rights/White Wrongs: The Critique of Racial Liberalism. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-024545-0.
  14. ^ "Post-Left Anarchy". The Anarchist Library. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
  15. ^ "The Platypus Affiliated Society – The Left is not a concept". platypus1917.org. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
  16. ^ Deleuze: The Grandeur of Marx with Nick Thoburn, 25 September 2022, retrieved 23 March 2024
  17. ^ McKenna, Tony (3 April 2014). "Against Post-Marxism: How Post-Marxism Annuls Class-Based Historicism and the Possibility of Revolutionary Praxis". International Critical Thought. 4 (2): 142–159. doi:10.1080/21598282.2014.906538. S2CID 144911344.
  18. ^ Bowman, Paul (2019). "Ernesto Laclau (1935-), Chantal Mouffe (1948-) and Post-Marxism". Introducing Literary Theories. pp. 799–809. doi:10.1515/9781474473637-104. ISBN 978-1-4744-7363-7. S2CID 246928968.
  19. ^ Breckman, Warren (2013). "Introduction". Adventures of the Symbolic. pp. 1–23. doi:10.7312/columbia/9780231143943.003.0008. ISBN 978-0-231-14394-3.
  20. ^ Fisken, Timothy David (2012). The Turn to the Political: Post-Marxism and Marx's Critique of Politics (Thesis). UC Berkeley.
  21. ^ "Post-Marxism". MARX 200. 2 March 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  22. ^ Barrow, Clyde W. (1993). Critical Theories of the State: Marxist, Neomarxist, Postmarxist. Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-13713-7.[page needed]
  23. ^ Jones, A. (1999). "Dialectics and difference: against Harvey's dialectical 'post-Marxism'". Progress in Human Geography. 23 (4): 529–555. doi:10.1191/030913299676750977. S2CID 58943873.
  24. ^ Tunderman, Simon (2 November 2021). "Post-Marxist reflections on the value of our time. Value theory and the (in)compatibility of discourse theory and the critique of political economy". Critical Discourse Studies. 18 (6): 655–670. doi:10.1080/17405904.2020.1829664. S2CID 225142057.
  25. ^ Smith, Richard G; Doel, Marcus A (April 2001). "Baudrillard Unwound: The Duplicity of Post-Marxism and Deconstruction". Environment and Planning D: Society and Space. 19 (2): 137–159. Bibcode:2001EnPlD..19..137S. doi:10.1068/d226t. ISSN 0263-7758. S2CID 147199071.
  26. ^ thewastedworld (22 February 2020). "Underground Intensities: The Gothic Marxism of Deleuze and Guattari". The Wasted World. Retrieved 16 May 2023.
  27. ^ "The Politics of Difference". Gilles Deleuze. 2005. pp. 114–153. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139165419.005. ISBN 978-0-521-84309-6.
  28. ^ Toscano, Alberto (2008). "Chapter Twenty-Eight. Marxism expatriated: Alain Badiou's turn". Critical Companion to Contemporary Marxism. pp. 529–548. doi:10.1163/ej.9789004145986.i-813.149. ISBN 978-90-474-2360-7.
  29. ^ Samanci, Helene (2012). "Political Ontology of post-Marxism" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  30. ^ Screpanti, Ernesto (2000). "The postmodern crisis in economics and the revolution against modernism". Rethinking Marxism: A Journal of Economics, Culture & Society. 12 (1): 87–111. doi:10.1080/08935690009358993. S2CID 145419981.
  31. ^ Therborn, Göran (2008). From Marxism to Post-Marxism. London: Verso Books. p. 208.
  32. ^ Meyerson, Gregory; San Juan, E. Jr. (2009). "Post-Marxism as Compromise Formation". Cultural Logic: Journal of Marxist Theory & Practice. 16. doi:10.14288/clogic.v16i0.191554.
  33. ^ "New Formations: About". Lawrence Wishart. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  34. ^ "Constellations Journal – About".
  35. ^ Endnotes. "Endnotes". endnotes.org.uk. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  36. ^ "About us – CRISIS AND CRITIQUE". www.crisiscritique.org. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
  37. ^ "About Arena – Arena". arena.org.au. Retrieved 22 May 2023.