Postcolonial feminism

Postcolonial feminism is a form of feminism that developed as a response to feminism focusing solely on the experiences of women in Western cultures and former colonies. Postcolonial feminism seeks to account for the way that racism and the long-lasting political, economic, and cultural effects of colonialism affect non-white, non-Western women in the postcolonial world.^[1] Postcolonial feminism originated in the 1980s as a critique of feminist theorists in developed countries pointing out the universalizing tendencies of mainstream feminist ideas and argues that women living in non-Western countries are misrepresented.^[2]

Postcolonial feminism argues that by using the term "woman" as a universal group, women are then only defined by their gender and not by social class, race, ethnicity, or sexual preference.^[3] Postcolonial feminists also work to incorporate the ideas of indigenous and other Third World feminist movements into mainstream Western feminism. Third World feminism stems from the idea that feminism in Third World countries is not imported from the First World, but originates from internal ideologies and socio-cultural factors.^[4]

Postcolonial feminism is sometimes criticized by mainstream feminism, which argues that postcolonial feminism weakens the wider feminist movement by dividing it.^[5] It is also often criticized for its Western bias.^[6]

^ Weedon, Chris (2000). Feminist practice & poststructuralist theory (2nd which page? ed.). Oxford [u.a.]: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-19825-3.
^ McEwan, Cheryl (2001). "Postcolonialism, feminism, and development: intersections and dilemmas" (PDF). Progress in Development Studies. 1 (2): 93–111. doi:10.1177/146499340100100201. S2CID 144649971.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ Narayan, Uma (2000). "Decentering the Center". In Narayan; Harding (eds.). Essence of Culture and a Sense of History: A Feminist Critique of Cultural Essentialism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
^ Jayawardena, Kumari (1986). Feminism and nationalism in the Third World (Rev. ed.). New Delhi: Kali for Women. ISBN 978-0-86232-265-6.
^ Cite error: The named reference Bulbeck was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Chatterjee, Sushmita (2016-02-01). "What Does It Mean to Be a Postcolonial Feminist? The Artwork of Mithu Sen". Hypatia. 31 (1): 22–40. doi:10.1111/hypa.12225. ISSN 1527-2001. S2CID 151755182.

[Weedon-1] Weedon, Chris (2000). Feminist practice & poststructuralist theory (2nd which page? ed.). Oxford [u.a.]: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-19825-3.

[McEwan-2] McEwan, Cheryl (2001). "Postcolonialism, feminism, and development: intersections and dilemmas" (PDF). Progress in Development Studies. 1 (2): 93–111. doi:10.1177/146499340100100201. S2CID 144649971.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[3] Narayan, Uma (2000). "Decentering the Center". In Narayan; Harding (eds.). Essence of Culture and a Sense of History: A Feminist Critique of Cultural Essentialism. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

[Jayawardena-4] Jayawardena, Kumari (1986). Feminism and nationalism in the Third World (Rev. ed.). New Delhi: Kali for Women. ISBN 978-0-86232-265-6.

[Bulbeck-5] Cite error: The named reference Bulbeck was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:2-6] Chatterjee, Sushmita (2016-02-01). "What Does It Mean to Be a Postcolonial Feminist? The Artwork of Mithu Sen". Hypatia. 31 (1): 22–40. doi:10.1111/hypa.12225. ISSN 1527-2001. S2CID 151755182.

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