Potassium chlorate

Potassium chlorate
The structure of the ions in potassium chlorate
Potassium chlorate crystals
Names
Other names
Potassium chlorate(V), Potcrate, Berthollet salt
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.021.173 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 223-289-7
RTECS number
  • FO0350000
UNII
UN number 1485
  • InChI=1S/ClHO3.K/c2-1(3)4;/h(H,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1 checkY
    Key: VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY
  • InChI=1/ClHO3.K/c2-1(3)4;/h(H,2,3,4);/q;+1/p-1
    Key: VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-REWHXWOFAC
  • [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O
Properties
KClO3
Molar mass 122.55 g mol−1
Appearance white crystals or powder
Density 2.32 g/cm3
Melting point 356 °C (673 °F; 629 K)
Boiling point 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) decomposes[1]
3.13 g/100 mL (0 °C)
4.46 g/100 mL (10 °C)
8.15 g/100 mL (25 °C)
13.21 g/100 mL (40 °C)
53.51 g/100 mL (100 °C)
183 g/100 g (190 °C)
2930 g/100 g (330 °C)[2]
Solubility soluble in glycerol
negligible in acetone and liquid ammonia[1]
Solubility in glycerol 1 g/100 g (20 °C)[1]
−42.8·10−6 cm3/mol
1.40835
Structure
monoclinic
Thermochemistry
100.25 J/mol·K[1]
142.97 J/mol·K[3][1]
−391.2 kJ/mol[3][1]
-289.9 kJ/mol[1]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS03: OxidizingGHS07: Exclamation markGHS09: Environmental hazard[4]
Danger
H271, H302, H332, H411[4]
P220, P273[4]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g. hydrogen peroxideSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
2
0
3
OX
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1870 mg/kg (oral, rat)[5]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0548
Related compounds
Other anions
 Potassium bromate
Potassium iodate
Potassium nitrate
Other cations
 Ammonium chlorate
Sodium chlorate
Barium chlorate
Related compounds
 Potassium chloride
Potassium hypochlorite
Potassium chlorite
Potassium perchlorate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Potassium chlorate is the inorganic compound with the molecular formula KClO3. In its pure form, it is a white solid. After sodium chlorate, it is the second most common chlorate in industrial use. It is a strong oxidizing agent and its most important application is in safety matches.[6] In other applications it is mostly obsolete and has been replaced by safer alternatives in recent decades. It has been used

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "potassium chlorate". Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  2. ^ Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1952). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds. Van Nostrand. Retrieved 2014-05-29.
  3. ^ a b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
  4. ^ a b c "Potassium chlorate". Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  5. ^ Michael Chambers. "ChemIDplus - 3811-04-9 - VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Potassium chlorate - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  6. ^ Vogt, Helmut; Balej, Jan; Bennett, John E.; Wintzer, Peter; Sheikh, Saeed Akbar; Gallone, Patrizio (June 15, 2000). "Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids". In Ullmann (ed.). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley‐VCH Verlag. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_483. ISBN 9783527303854.