Potassium iodide

Potassium iodide
Clinical data
Trade namesIosat, Thyrosafe, Thyroshield, others
Other namesSSKI
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • Potassium iodide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.028.782 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaKI
3D model (JSmol)
Density3.13[2] g/cm3
Melting point681 °C (1,258 °F)
Boiling point1,330 °C (2,430 °F)
Solubility in water1280 mg/mL (0 °C (32 °F))
1400 mg/mL (20 °C (68 °F))
1760 mg/mL (60 °C (140 °F))
2060 mg/mL (100 °C (212 °F))
[3]
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
0
0
  • [K+].[I-]
  • InChI=1S/HI.K/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 checkY
  • Key:NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Potassium iodide is a chemical compound, medication, and dietary supplement.[4][5] It is a medication used for treating hyperthyroidism, in radiation emergencies, and for protecting the thyroid gland when certain types of radiopharmaceuticals are used.[6] It is also used for treating skin sporotrichosis and phycomycosis.[6][7] It is a supplement used by people with low dietary intake of iodine.[5] It is administered orally.[6]

Common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, rash, and swelling of the salivary glands.[6] Other side effects include allergic reactions, headache, goitre, and depression.[7] While use during pregnancy may harm the baby, its use is still recommended in radiation emergencies.[6] Potassium iodide has the chemical formula KI.[8] Commercially it is made by mixing potassium hydroxide with iodine.[9][10]

Potassium iodide has been used medically since at least 1820.[11] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[12] Potassium iodide is available as a generic medication and over the counter.[13] Potassium iodide is also used for the iodization of salt.[5]

  1. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  2. ^ "Density of Potassium iodide". Aqua-Calc. Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
  3. ^ "Potassium Iodide" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  4. ^ National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Radiation Effects Research, Committee to Assess the Distribution and Administration of Potassium Iodide in the Event of a Nuclear Incident (2004). Distribution and Administration of Potassium Iodide in the Event of a Nuclear Incident. National Academies Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-309-09098-8. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017.
  5. ^ a b c Stwertka A (2002). A Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press, USA. p. 137. ISBN 978-0-19-515026-1. Archived from the original on 14 September 2017.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Potassium Iodide". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
  7. ^ a b World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 390. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 978-92-4-154765-9.
  8. ^ Ensminger ME, Ensminger AH (1993). Foods & Nutrition Encyclopedia, Two Volume Set (s ed.). CRC Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-8493-8980-1. Archived from the original on 13 August 2017.
  9. ^ Kaiho T (2014). Iodine Chemistry and Applications. John Wiley & Sons. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-118-87865-1. Archived from the original on 13 August 2017.
  10. ^ Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (December 2001). "Potassium Iodide as a Thyroid Blocking Agent in Radiation Emergencies". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
  11. ^ Oriel JD (2012). The Scars of Venus: A History of Venereology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-4471-2068-1. Archived from the original on 14 September 2017.
  12. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  13. ^ Hamilton R (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 224. ISBN 978-1-284-05756-0.