Primum Mobile

The angel of the Primum Mobile from the E-Series of the so-called Mantegna Tarocchi

In classical, medieval, and Renaissance astronomy, the Primum Mobile (Latin: "first movable") was the outermost moving sphere in the geocentric model of the universe.[1]

The concept was introduced by Ptolemy to account for the apparent daily motion of the heavens around the Earth, producing the east-to-west rising and setting of the sun and stars, and reached Western Europe via Avicenna.[2]

  1. ^ Greer, T. H. (2004). A Brief History of the Western World. p. 419.
  2. ^ Galle, G. (2003). Peter of Auvergne. p. 233.