Prochlorperazine

Prochlorperazine
Clinical data
Trade namesCompazine, Stemetil, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682116
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: C
Routes of
administration		Oral administration, rectal administration, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection (IV)
Drug classTypical antipsychotic
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
BioavailabilityUnknown, but presumed substantial
Protein binding91–99%
MetabolismMainly Liver (CYP2D6 and/or CYP3A4)
Elimination half-life4–8 hours, differs with the method of administration
ExcretionBile duct, (colored) inactive metabolites in urine
Identifiers
  • 2-chloro-10-[3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl]-10H-phenothiazine
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.000.345 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC20H24ClN3S
Molar mass373.94 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • Clc2cc1N(c3c(Sc1cc2)cccc3)CCCN4CCN(C)CC4
  • InChI=1S/C20H24ClN3S/c1-22-11-13-23(14-12-22)9-4-10-24-17-5-2-3-6-19(17)25-20-8-7-16(21)15-18(20)24/h2-3,5-8,15H,4,9-14H2,1H3 checkY
  • Key:WIKYUJGCLQQFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Prochlorperazine, formerly[5] sold under the brand name Compazine among others, is a medication used to treat nausea, migraines, schizophrenia, psychosis and anxiety.[6][7][8][9] It is a less preferred medication for anxiety.[6] It may be taken by mouth, rectally, injection into a vein, or injection into a muscle.[6]

Common side effects include sleepiness, blurry vision, low blood pressure, and dizziness.[6] Serious side effects may include movement disorders including tardive dyskinesia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.[6] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is generally not recommended.[10] It is a typical antipsychotic which is believed to work by reducing the action of dopamine in the brain.[6]

Prochlorperazine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1956.[6] It is available as a generic medication.[7] In 2020, it was the 355th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 600 thousand prescriptions.[11][12]

  1. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 Oct 2023.
  2. ^ Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
  3. ^ "Prochlorperazine 3 mg Buccal Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 9 December 2019. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  4. ^ "Buccastem M Buccal Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 9 December 2019. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  5. ^ "Side Effects of Compazine (Prochlorperazine), Warnings, Uses". RX List. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g "Prochlorperazine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  7. ^ a b British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. pp. 385–386. ISBN 9780857113382.
  8. ^ Orr SL, Friedman BW, Christie S, Minen MT, Bamford C, Kelley NE, Tepper D (June 2016). "Management of Adults With Acute Migraine in the Emergency Department: The American Headache Society Evidence Assessment of Parenteral Pharmacotherapies". Headache. 56 (6): 911–940. doi:10.1111/head.12835. PMID 27300483.
  9. ^ Din L, Preuss CV (March 2022). "Prochlorperazine". StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 30725768.
  10. ^ "Prochlorperazine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  11. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  12. ^ "Prochlorperazine - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.