Propionitrile

Propionitrile
Skeletal formula of propanenitrile
Skeletal formula of propanenitrile
Skeletal formula of propanenitrile with all explicit hydrogens added
Skeletal formula of propanenitrile with all explicit hydrogens added
Ball and stick model of propanenitrile
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Propanenitrile[5]
Other names
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
773680
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.151 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 203-464-4
MeSH propionitrile
RTECS number
  • UF9625000
UNII
UN number 2404
  • InChI=1S/C3H5N/c1-2-3-4/h2H2,1H3 checkY
    Key: FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • CCC#N
Properties
C3H5N
Molar mass 55.080 g·mol−1
Appearance Colourless liquid
Odor Sweetish, pleasant, ethereal[6]
Density 772 mg mL−1
Melting point −100 to −86 °C; −148 to −123 °F; 173 to 187 K
Boiling point 96 to 98 °C; 205 to 208 °F; 369 to 371 K
11.9% (20 °C)[6]
log P 0.176
Vapor pressure 270 μmol Pa−1 kg−1
-38.5·10−6 cm3/mol
1.366
Thermochemistry
105.3 J K−1 mol−1
189.33 J K−1 mol−1
15.5 kJ mol−1
−1.94884–−1.94776 MJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable GHS06: Toxic
Danger
H225, H300, H310, H319, H332
P210, P264, P280, P301+P310, P302+P350, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
3
0
Flash point 6 °C (43 °F; 279 K)
Explosive limits 3.1%-?[6]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
39 mg kg−1 (oral, rat)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 none[6]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 6 ppm (14 mg/m3)[6]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 N.D.[6]
Related compounds
Related alkanenitriles
Related compounds
 DBNPA
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Propionitrile, also known as ethyl cyanide and propanenitrile, is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CN. It is a simple aliphatic nitrile. The compound is a colourless, water-soluble liquid. It is used as a solvent and a precursor to other organic compounds.[7]

  1. ^ a b "Propionitrile". NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. USA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 4 April 2011. Identification. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  2. ^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 7839
  3. ^ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 52nd Ed., p. D-153
  4. ^ HSDB: Propionitrile, TOXNET, U.S. National Library of Medicine, retrieved 30 Oct 2015
  5. ^ "propionitrile - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  6. ^ a b c d e f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0530". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Ullmann was invoked but never defined (see the help page).