Propylene

Not to be confused with propane or propyne.
Propylene
Skeletal formula of propene
Skeletal formula of propene
Propylene
Propylene
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Propene[1][2]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1696878
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.693 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 204-062-1
852
KEGG
RTECS number
  • UC6740000
UNII
UN number 1077
In Liquefied petroleum gas: 1075
  • InChI=1S/C3H6/c1-3-2/h3H,1H2,2H3 checkY
    Key: QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C3H6/c1-3-2/h3H,1H2,2H3
    Key: QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYAA
  • C=CC
  • CC=C
Properties
C3H6
Molar mass 42.081 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Density 1.81 kg/m3, gas (1.013 bar, 15 °C)
1.745 kg/m3, gas (1.013 bar, 25 °C)
613.9 kg/m3, liquid
Melting point −185.2 °C (−301.4 °F; 88.0 K)
Boiling point −47.6 °C (−53.7 °F; 225.6 K)
0.61 g/m3
-31.5·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity 8.34 µPa·s at 16.7 °C
Structure
0.366 D (gas)
Hazards
GHS labelling:[3]
GHS02: Flammable
Danger
H220
P210, P377, P381, P403
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
4
1
Flash point −108 °C (−162 °F; 165 K)
Safety data sheet (SDS) External MSDS
Related compounds
Related alkenes;
related groups
 Ethylene, Isomers of Butylene;
Allyl, Propenyl
Related compounds
 Propane, Propyne
Propadiene, 1-Propanol
2-Propanol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Propylene, also known as propene, is an unsaturated organic compound with the chemical formula CH3CH=CH2. It has one double bond, and is the second simplest member of the alkene class of hydrocarbons. It is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor.[4]

Propylene is a product of combustion from forest fires, cigarette smoke, and motor vehicle and aircraft exhaust.[5] It was discovered in 1850 by A. W. von Hoffman's student Captain (later Major General[6]) John Williams Reynolds as the only gaseous product of thermal decomposition of amyl alcohol to react with chlorine and bromine.[7]

  1. ^ "General Principles, Rules, and Conventions". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. p. 31. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-00001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
  2. ^ Moss, G.P. (web version). "P-14.3 Locants". Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013. London: Queen Mary University. Section P-14.3.4.2 (d). Retrieved 23 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Propylene". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
  4. ^ "Propylene".
  5. ^ Morgott, David (2018-01-04). "The Human Exposure Potential from Propylene Releases to the Environment". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 15 (1): 66. doi:10.3390/ijerph15010066. ISSN 1660-4601. PMC 5800165. PMID 29300328.
  6. ^ "Maj Gen John Williams Reynolds, FCS". geni_family_tree. 1816-12-25. Retrieved 2023-12-30.
  7. ^ Rasmussen, Seth C. (2018), Rasmussen, Seth C. (ed.), "Introduction", Acetylene and Its Polymers: 150+ Years of History, SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–19, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95489-9_1, ISBN 978-3-319-95489-9, retrieved 2023-12-30