Dark blue pigment used as a medication
This article is about the medical uses of the pigment. For the main article, see
Prussian blue .
Prussian blue , also known as potassium ferric hexacyanoferrate , is used as a medication to treat thallium poisoning or radioactive caesium poisoning .[ 1] [ 2] For thallium it may be used in addition to gastric lavage , activated charcoal , forced diuresis , and hemodialysis .[ 3] [ 4] It is given by mouth or nasogastric tube .[ 2] [ 4] Prussian blue is also used in the urine to test for G6PD deficiency .[ 5]
Side effects may include constipation , low blood potassium , and stools that are dark.[ 1] [ 3] With long-term use, sweat may turn blue.[ 3] It mainly works by trapping the toxic monovalent cations in its crystal lattice after ion-exchange with potassium or ammonium cations and thus preventing the absorption of thallium and radio-caesium from the intestines .[ 3]
Prussian blue was developed around 1706.[ 6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines .[ 7] As of 2016[update] , it is only approved for medical use in Germany, the United States, and Japan.[ 8] [ 9] [ 10] Access to medical-grade Prussian blue can be difficult in many areas of the world including the developed world .[ 11]
^ a b World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008 . World Health Organization. p. 65. hdl :10665/44053 . ISBN 9789241547659 .
^ a b Cite error: The named reference Ric2015
was invoked but never defined (see the help page ).
^ a b c d "Prussian Blue" . The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017 .
^ a b Seifert SA (2004). "Elimination Enhancement" . In Dart RC (ed.). Medical Toxicology . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 248,279. ISBN 9780781728454 . Archived from the original on 2017-01-16.
^ "Glucose-6-phosphate dehyrogenase deficiency" . Medlibes: Online Medical Library . 28 July 2010. Archived from the original on 2016-09-15. Retrieved 2017-05-03 .
^ Hall AH, Isom GE, Rockwood GA (2015). "Physicochemical Properties, synthesis, applications, and transport" . Toxicology of Cyanides and Cyanogens: Experimental, Applied and Clinical Aspects . John Wiley & Sons. p. 43. ISBN 9781118628942 . Archived from the original on 2017-01-16.
^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 . Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl :10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^ Angle CR (2016). "Organ-Specific Therapeutic Intervention" . In Goyer RA (ed.). Metal Toxicology: Approaches and Methods . Elsevier. p. 93. ISBN 9781483288567 .
^ Rusyniak DE (2009). "Thallium" . In Dobbs MR (ed.). Clinical Neurotoxicology: Syndromes, Substances, Environments . Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 280. ISBN 978-0323052603 .
^ Ruprecht J (1 July 2011). "Radioaktivität: Berliner Blau als Arzneimittel" [Radioactivity: Prussian Blue as a medicine]. Deutsches Ärzteblatt [German Medical Journal ] (in German).
^ Kubiak WD (27 June 2011). "Fukushima's Caesium Spew - Deadly Catch-22s in Japan Disaster Relief" . Truthout . Archived from the original on 23 August 2019.