Ptolemy Macron (fl. 2nd century BCE) was a Greek official in the Hellenistic era. He first served the Ptolemaic Kingdom as governor of the island Cyprus. During the Sixth Syrian War between the Seleucid Empire under King Antiochus IV Epiphanes and the Ptolemaic Kingdom under King Ptolemy VI Philometor, he surrendered Cyprus to an invading Seleucid fleet, betraying the Ptolemies and joining the Seleucid Empire. Roman intervention to end the war would require that the Seleucids hand Cyprus back to the Ptolemies, meaning Ptolemy Macron thereafter served the Seleucids in their empire in Coele-Syria and Phoenicia as governor (strategos) there. However, with the death of King Antiochus IV and his replacement by Lysias as regent, he apparently fell out of favor with the Seleucid court. His death around 162 BCE was attributed to suicide.
The books of Maccabees refer both to a "Ptolemy, who was called Macron" who acted positively toward the Jews and a commander called "Ptolemy son of Dorymenes" who led troops into battle against the rebel Jews at the Battle of Emmaus. Scholars disagree on whether these passages refer to a single person or to two separate people.