Pulp necrosis

Pulp necrosis is a clinical diagnostic category indicating the death of cells and tissues in the pulp chamber of a tooth with or without bacterial invasion.[1] It is often the result of many cases of dental trauma, caries and irreversible pulpitis.

In the initial stage of the infection, the pulp chamber is partially necrosed for a period of time and if left untreated, the area of cell death expands until the entire pulp necroses. The most common clinical signs present in a tooth with a necrosed pulp would be a grey discoloration of the crown and/or periapical radiolucency. This altered translucency in the tooth is due to disruption and cutting off of the apical neurovascular blood supply.[2]

Sequelae of a necrotic pulp include acute apical periodontitis, dental abscess or radicular cyst and discolouration of the tooth.[citation needed] Tests for a necrotic pulp include: vitality testing using a thermal test or an electric pulp tester. Discolouration may be visually obvious, or more subtle.

Treatment usually involves endodontics or extraction.[citation needed]

  1. ^ "Dental Pulp Necrosis MeSH Descriptor Data 2018". National Library of Medicine. 6 July 2009. Retrieved 2018-10-24.
  2. ^ Lauridsen E, Hermann NV, Gerds TA, Ahrensburg SS, Kreiborg S, Andreasen JO (October 2012). "Combination injuries 3. The risk of pulp necrosis in permanent teeth with extrusion or lateral luxation and concomitant crown fractures without pulp exposure". Dental Traumatology. 28 (5): 379–85. doi:10.1111/j.1600-9657.2011.01100.x. PMID 22233180.