Purchasing Managers' Index

U.S. PMI Index 2012 - 2022
  Manufacturing
  Above 50 is expansion, below 50 is contraction
  Services
ISM's Purchasing Managers Index 1948–2012

Purchasing managers' indexes (PMI) are economic indicators derived from monthly surveys of private sector companies.

The three principal producers of PMIs are S&P Global (from 2022 merger with IHS Markit), which produces PMIs for over 30 countries worldwide and developed the first service sector PMIs, and the Institute for Supply Management (ISM), which originated the manufacturing surveys produced for the United States. Other producers include the Singapore Institute of Purchasing and Materials Management (SIPMM), which produces the Singapore PMI,[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], Swedbank in Sweden, NBS in mainland China, and Credit Suisse in Switzerland.

An official global PMI is produced by S&P Global in association with J.P.Morgan, the ISM and IFPSM, which also includes detailed sector survey results. Regional headline indicators and detailed sector data are also compiled by S&P Global.

The purchasing managers' index (PMI) surveys are compiled on a monthly basis by polling businesses which represent the makeup of the respective business sector. S&P Global surveys cover manufacturing, services and in some cases also construction, while ISM's surveys cover all NAICS categories. SIPMM survey covers just the manufacturing sector.[9][10][11].

The surveys are released shortly after the end of the reference period. The actual release dates depend on the sector covered by the survey. Manufacturing data are generally released on the first business day of the month, followed by construction on the second working day, and non-manufacturing/services on the third business day.

The purchasing managers surveys include additional sub indices for manufacturing surveys such as new orders, employment, exports, stocks of raw materials and finished goods, prices of inputs and finished goods.[12]

  1. ^ "Manufacturing expands for 18th straight month in February but pace of growth slows". The Straits Times. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  2. ^ "新加坡2月份PMI下滑0.4点至52.7". 联合早报. Retrieved 2 Mar 2018.
  3. ^ "Singapore PMI". SIPMM Academy. Retrieved 11 March 2016.
  4. ^ "Singapore PMI expands 0.3 point to 53 in March". Singapore Business Review. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  5. ^ "Singapore factory growth cools further in October amid US-China trade tensions". The Straits Times. 2 November 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
  6. ^ "我国11月制造业PMI连续第三个月下滑". 联合早报. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
  7. ^ "Singapore's manufacturing activity eases for the 4th straight month in December". Singapore Institute of Purchasing and Materials Management. 4 January 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
  8. ^ "Singapore's factory activity expands for 19th month in January but at slower pace". Channel News Asia. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  9. ^ Min, Chia Yan (5 December 2017). "Singapore manufacturing shows strong signs of broad-based growth". The Straits Times. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
  10. ^ "About SIPMM". Singapore Institute of Purchasing and Materials Management. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
  11. ^ "Industrial Real Estate (Singapore)". DBS Bank. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
  12. ^ "PMI". www.markit.com. Retrieved 3 July 2017.