Pursuit of Goeben and Breslau

Naval Pursuit of Goeben and Breslau
Part of World War I
SMS Goeben and SMS Breslau bombarding Phillipeville on the French-Algerian coast (W. Malchin, 1915)
Date 4 – 10 August 1914 Location Mediterranean Sea Result German victory Successful German retreat to Constantinople
Belligerents
United Kingdom  France	German Empire
Commanders and leaders
Berkeley Milne Ernest Troubridge A. B. de Lapeyrère	Wilhelm Souchon
Strength
3 battlecruisers 4 armoured cruisers 4 light cruisers 14 destroyers	1 battlecruiser 1 light cruiser
Casualties and losses
none	4 sailors[1]

The pursuit of Goeben and Breslau was a naval action that occurred in the Mediterranean Sea at the outbreak of the First World War when elements of the British Mediterranean Fleet attempted to intercept the German Mittelmeerdivision consisting of the battlecruiser SMS Goeben and the light cruiser SMS Breslau. The German ships evaded the British fleet and passed through the Dardanelles to reach Constantinople, where they were eventually handed over to the Ottoman Empire. Renamed Yavuz Sultan Selim and Midilli, the former Goeben and Breslau were ordered by their German commander to attack Russian positions, in doing so bringing the Ottoman Empire into the war on the side of the Central Powers.

Though a bloodless "battle," the failure of the British pursuit had enormous political and military ramifications. In the short term it effectively ended the careers of the two British admirals who had been in charge of the pursuit. Writing several years later, Winston Churchill—who had been First Lord of the Admiralty—expressed the opinion that by forcing Turkey into the war, Goeben had brought "more slaughter, more misery, and more ruin than has ever before been borne within the compass of a ship."^[2]