| Pyrolobus fumarii | |
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| Genus: | Pyrolobus
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| Pyrolobus fumarii Blöch, Rachel, Burggraf, Hafenbradl, Jannasch & Stetter, 1997
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Pyrolobus fumarii (Latin for "fire lobe of the chimney"[1]) is a species of archaea known for living and reproducing at extremely high temperatures that kill most organisms.[1][2] P. fumarii is known as a hyperthermophile obligately chemolithoautotroph. In the simplest terms, this archaea grows best in warm temperatures ranging from 80 °C to 115 °C.[3][4] It also uses preformed molecules as its energy source rather than light, inorganic as an electron donor, and CO2 is used as a carbon source. It was first discovered in 1997 in a black smoker hydrothermal vent at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, setting the upper-temperature threshold for known life to exist at 113 °C (235.4 °F) with an optimal temperature of 106 °C.[1] This species "freezes" or solidifies and ceases growth at temperatures of 90 °C (194 °F) and below.[3]
- ^ a b c Armstrong, Joseph E. (2014). How the Earth Turned Green: A Brief 3.8-Billion-Year History of Plants. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-06980-7.[page needed]
- ^ C.Michael Hogan. 2010. Extremophile. eds. E.Monosson and C.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment, washington DC
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
:3was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Mohanty, Anee; Shilpa; Meena, Sumer Singh (2022). "Microbial adaptation to extreme temperatures: An overview of molecular mechanisms to industrial application". Extremozymes and Their Industrial Applications. pp. 115–139. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-90274-8.00009-5. ISBN 978-0-323-90274-8.