Pyronema

Pyronema
'Pyronema sp. fruiting on burned soil a few months after a wildfire in California, USA (image credit: Monika Fischer)'
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Ascomycota
Class:
Pezizomycetes
Order:
Pezizales
Family:
Pyronemataceae
Genus:
Pyronema

Bulliard (1790) & Carus (1835) & Fuckel (1870)
Type species
Pyronema omphalodes
(Bull.) Fuckel (1870)
Species

P. confluens
P. domesticum
P. glaucum
P. marianum
P. omphalodes
P. piggotii

Synonyms[2]

Lectotypus Bulliard (1790)[1]

Pyronema is a genus of fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. It was first circumscribed as the genus Lectotypus by Pierre Bulliard in 1790 [1]. In 1835 German naturalist Carl Gustav Carus reclassified the genus as Pyronema [3], and in 1870 Leopold Fuckel built off the descriptions from Bulliard and Carus, merging several synonymous species into P. omphalodes [4]. In 1889, Pier Andrea Saccardo circumscribed the species P. domesticum, directly building from the work of James Sowerby.[5]

Pyronema are found fruiting exclusively on recently burned or heat-sterilized substrates[6]. The fruiting bodies (apothecia) are light-pink to pink-orange and cushion-shaped. Highly clustered, and with age, the apothecia fuse together resulting in an amorphous mat-like appearance. Ascospores are simple, smooth, and lack lipid droplets. When grown in a laboratory setting on agar plates, P. domesticum produces sclerotia, whereas P. omphalodes does not[7]. Pyronema are known to dominate the soil fungal community after fire[8], and P. domesticum has been shown to metabolize charcoal[9][10]. P. omphalodes is synonymous with P. confluens and P. marianum[2].

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