Pyronema

Pyronema
'Pyronema sp. fruiting on burned soil a few months after a wildfire in California, USA (image credit: Monika Fischer)'
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Ascomycota
Class:
Pezizomycetes
Order:
Pezizales
Family:
Pyronemataceae
Genus:
Pyronema
Type species
Pyronema omphalodes
(Bull.) Fuckel (1870)
Species

P. domesticum (Sowerby) Sacc. (1889)
P. omphalodes (Bull.) Fuckel (1870)

Synonyms[2]

P. confluens Tul. (1865)
P. glaucum (Boud.) Sacc. (1889)
P. marianum Carus (1835)
Peziza omphalodes Bull. (1790)[1]

Pyronema is a genus of cup fungi in the family Pyronemataceae. Pyronema are found fruiting exclusively on recently burned or heat-sterilized substrates.[3] The fruiting bodies (apothecia) are light-pink to orange and disc or cushion shaped. Always growing in dense clusters, and often fusing together resulting in an amorphous mat-like appearance. Ascospores are simple, smooth, ellipsoid, colorless, and lack lipid droplets. When grown in a laboratory setting on agar plates, P. domesticum produces sclerotia, whereas P. omphalodes does not.[4] P. domesticum tends to produce pink to orange apothecia and slightly larger spores, whereas P. omphalodes apothecia are orange to yellow-orange with slightly smaller spores.[5] Pyronema are known to dominate the soil fungal community after fire,[6] and P. domesticum has been shown to metabolize charcoal.[7][8] P. omphalodes is synonymous with P. confluens and P. marianum.[2]

Pyronema was first circumscribed as Peziza omphalodes by Pierre Bulliard in 1790,[1][9] and in 1870 Leopold Fuckel built off the description from Bulliard, merging several synonymous species into P. omphalodes.[10] In 1889, Pier Andrea Saccardo circumscribed the species P. domesticum, directly building from the work of James Sowerby.[11]

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