 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (April 2019) |
Qishan | |
|---|---|
| Assistant Grand Secretary | |
| In office 1848–1851 | |
| In office 1836–1838 | |
| Grand Secretary of the Wenyuan Library | |
| In office 1838–1841 | |
| Viceroy of Sichuan | |
| In office 1846–1849 | |
| Preceded by | Baoxing |
| Succeeded by | Yucheng (acting) |
| In office 1829–1831 | |
| Preceded by | Dai Sanxi |
| Succeeded by | Ošan |
| Imperial Resident in Tibet | |
| In office 1843–1847 | |
| Preceded by | Mengbao |
| Succeeded by | Ruiyuan |
| Viceroy of Liangguang (acting) | |
| In office 1840–1841 | |
| Preceded by | Lin Zexu |
| Succeeded by | Qi Gong |
| Viceroy of Zhili | |
| In office 1837–1840 | |
| Preceded by | Mujangga |
| Succeeded by | Nergingge |
| Viceroy of Liangjiang | |
| In office 1825–1827 | |
| Preceded by | Wei Yuanyu |
| Succeeded by | Jiang Youxian |
| Viceroy of Shaan-Gan | |
| In office 1849–1851 | |
| Preceded by | Buyantai |
| Succeeded by | Yutai |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 18 January 1786 Beijing |
| Died | 3 August 1854 (aged 68) Yangzhou |
| Relations | Chengde (father) |
| Posthumous name | Wenqin (文勤) |
| Known for | Negotiating the Convention of Chuanbi |
| Qishan | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | 琦善 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Jing'an | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 靜庵 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 静庵 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Qishan[a] (Manchu: ᡴᡳᡧᠠᠨ, Möllendorff: Kišan, Abkai: Kixan; 18 January 1786 – 3 August 1854), courtesy name Jing'an, was a Mongol nobleman and official of the late Qing dynasty. He was of Khalkha Mongol and Borjigit descent, and his family was under the Plain Yellow Banner of the Manchu Eight Banners. He is best known for negotiating the Convention of Chuanbi on behalf of the Qing government with the British during the First Opium War of 1839–42.[3]
- ^ Hoe, Susanna; Roebuck, Derek (1999). The Taking of Hong Kong: Charles and Clara Elliot in China Waters. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press. p. xviii. ISBN 0-7007-1145-7.
- ^ Tsang, Steve (2007). A Modern History of Hong Kong. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-84511-419-0.
- ^ Mao, Haijian. The Qing Empire and the Opium War. p. 1.
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