Qudsia Begum, born Udham Bai (dead fl. 1768[1]) was a wife of Mughal emperorMuhammad Shah and mother of emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur. She was early born an administrator and served as de facto regent from 1748 to 1754.[2][3]
^François Xavier Wendel (1991). Jean Deloche (ed.). Wendel's Memoirs on the Origin, Growth and Present State of Jat Power in Hindustan (1768). Institut français de Pondichery. p. 124.
^Everett Jenkins, Jr. (7 May 2015). The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 2, 1500-1799): A Comprehensive Chronology of the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. McFarland. p. 261. ISBN978-1-4766-0889-1.
^Guida M. Jackson; Guida Myrl Jackson-Laufer; Lecturer in English Foundations Department Guida M Jackson (1999). Women Rulers Throughout the Ages: An Illustrated Guide. ABC-CLIO. p. 468. ISBN978-1-57607-091-8.