Ran (film)

Ran
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Akira Kurosawa
Screenplay by	Akira Kurosawa Hideo Oguni Masato Ide
Based on	King Lear by William Shakespeare
Produced by	Katsumi Furukawa Masato Hara Serge Silberman
Starring	Tatsuya Nakadai Akira Terao Jinpachi Nezu Daisuke Ryu Mieko Harada Peter Hisashi Igawa Yoshiko Miyazaki
Cinematography	Takao Saito Shoji Ueda Asakazu Nakai
Edited by	Akira Kurosawa
Music by	Toru Takemitsu
Production companies	Herald Ace Nippon Herald Films Greenwich Film Productions
Distributed by	Toho (Japan) Acteurs Auteurs Associés (France)
Release dates	May 31, 1985 (1985-05-31) (Tokyo) June 1, 1985 (1985-06-01) (Japan) September 18, 1985 (1985-09-18) (France)
Running time	162 minutes
Countries	Japan[1] France[1]
Language	Japanese
Budget	$11–12 million
Box office	$19 million (est.)

Ran (Japanese: 乱, lit. 'chaos or tumult') is a 1985 epic historical action drama film directed, co-written, and edited by Akira Kurosawa. The plot derives from William Shakespeare's King Lear and includes segments based on legends of the daimyō Mōri Motonari. The film stars Tatsuya Nakadai as Hidetora Ichimonji, an aging Sengoku-period warlord who decides to abdicate as ruler in favor of his three sons.

Like most of Kurosawa's work in the 1970s and 80s, Ran is an international production, in this case a Japanese-French venture produced by Herald Ace, Nippon Herald Films, and Greenwich Film Productions. Production planning went through a long period of preparation. Kurosawa conceived the idea of Ran in the mid-1970s, when he read about Motonari, who was famous for having three highly loyal sons. Kurosawa devised a plot in which the sons become antagonists of their father. Although the film became heavily inspired by Shakespeare's play King Lear, Kurosawa began using it only after he had started preparations for Ran. Following these preparations, Kurosawa filmed Dersu Uzala in 1975, followed by Kagemusha in the early 1980s, before securing financial backing to film Ran.

Ran was Kurosawa's third encounter with Shakespeare during his career. In 1957, Kurosawa directed Throne of Blood, based on Shakespeare's Macbeth. In 1960, he directed the film The Bad Sleep Well, based on Hamlet. Despite the changes in setting and language, all three films have received critical acclaim.

As Kurosawa's last epic, Ran has often been cited as among his finest achievements and is widely regarded as one of the greatest films ever made. With a budget of $11–12 million, it was the most expensive film in the history of Japanese cinema upon its release. Ran was previewed on May 31, 1985, at the Tokyo International Film Festival before its release on June 1, 1985, in Japan. The film was hailed for its powerful images and use of color; costume designer Emi Wada won an Academy Award for Best Costume Design for her work on Ran, and Kurosawa received his only career nomination for Best Director. The distinctive film score, inspired by Gustav Mahler, was composed by Toru Takemitsu.