Regency (Indonesia)

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A regency (Indonesian: kabupaten[a]), sometimes incorrectly referred to as a district,[b] is an administrative division of Indonesia, directly under a province and on the same level with city (kota). Regencies are divided into districts (Kecamatan, Distrik in Papua region,[1][2] or Kapanewon and Kemantren in the Special Region of Yogyakarta). The average area of Indonesian regencies is about 4,578.29 km2 (1,767.69 sq mi), with an average population of 670,958 people.

The English name "regency" comes from the Dutch colonial period, when regencies were ruled by bupati (or regents) and were known as regentschap in Dutch (kabupaten in Javanese and subsequently Indonesian).[3] Bupati had been regional lords under the precolonial monarchies of Java.[4] When the Dutch abolished or curtailed those monarchies, the bupati were left as the most senior indigenous authority.[5][6][7] They were not, strictly speaking, "native rulers" because the Dutch claimed full sovereignty over their territory, but in practice, they had many of the attributes of petty kings, including elaborate regalia and palaces and a high degree of impunity.[8][9]


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  1. ^ Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2001 tentang Otonomi Khusus Bagi Provinsi Papua [Republic of Indonesia Law Number 21 of Year 2001 concerning Special Autonomy for Papua Province] (Law Number 21). LN (in Indonesian). Vol. 135. Indonesia (published 2001). 21 November 2001. ch. 1 § 1.k.
  2. ^ Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintah Daerah [Republic of Indonesia Law Number 23 of Year 2014 concerning Regional Government] (Law Number 23). LN (in Indonesian). Vol. 244. Indonesia (published 2014). 2 October 2014. ch. 1 § 1.24.
  3. ^ Indonesia Departemen Dalam Negeri (1985). Departemen Dalam Negeri, tugas, fungsi dan peranannya dalam pemerintah di Daerah (in Indonesian). Departemen Dalam Negeri.
  4. ^ Koesoemahatmadja, Djenal Hoesen (1978). Perkembangan fungsi dan struktur pamong praja ditinjau dari segi sejarah (in Indonesian). Alumni.
  5. ^ Suwarno, P. J. (1989). Sejarah birokrasi pemerintahan Indonesia dahulu dan sekarang (in Indonesian). Penerbitan Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta. ISBN 9789798109010.
  6. ^ Raharjo, Supratikno; Munandar, Agus Aris (1 January 1998). Sejarah Kebudayaan Bali: Kajian Perkembangan dan Dampak Pariwisata (in Indonesian). Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan.
  7. ^ Poesponegoro, Marwati Djoened (1975). Sejarah nasional Indonesia: Jaman kebangkitan nasional dan masa akhir Hindia Belanda (in Indonesian). Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
  8. ^ Lubis, Nina Herlina (2000). Tradisi dan transformasi sejarah Sunda (in Indonesian). Humaniora Utama Press. ISBN 9789799231338.
  9. ^ Koesoemahatmadja, Djenal Hoesen (1978). Perkembangan fungsi dan struktur pamong praja ditinjau dari segi sejarah (in Indonesian). Alumni.