Regulation of algorithms

Not to be confused with Government by algorithm.
Part of a series on
Legal aspects of computing

Regulation of algorithms, or algorithmic regulation, is the creation of laws, rules and public sector policies for promotion and regulation of algorithms, particularly in artificial intelligence and machine learning.[1][2][3] For the subset of AI algorithms, the term regulation of artificial intelligence is used. The regulatory and policy landscape for artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging issue in jurisdictions globally, including in the European Union.[4] Regulation of AI is considered necessary to both encourage AI and manage associated risks, but challenging.[5] Another emerging topic is the regulation of blockchain algorithms (Use of the smart contracts must be regulated) and is mentioned along with regulation of AI algorithms.[6] Many countries have enacted regulations of high frequency trades, which is shifting due to technological progress into the realm of AI algorithms.[citation needed]

The motivation for regulation of algorithms is the apprehension of losing control over the algorithms, whose impact on human life increases. Multiple countries have already introduced regulations in case of automated credit score calculation—right to explanation is mandatory for those algorithms.[7][8] For example, The IEEE has begun developing a new standard to explicitly address ethical issues and the values of potential future users.[9] Bias, transparency, and ethics concerns have emerged with respect to the use of algorithms in diverse domains ranging from criminal justice[10] to healthcare[11]—many fear that artificial intelligence could replicate existing social inequalities along race, class, gender, and sexuality lines.

  1. ^ "Algorithms have gotten out of control. It's time to regulate them". theweek.com. 3 April 2019. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
  2. ^ Martini, Mario. "FUNDAMENTALS OF A REGULATORY SYSTEM FOR ALGORITHM-BASED PROCESSES" (PDF). Retrieved 22 March 2020.
  3. ^ "Rise and Regulation of Algorithms". Berkeley Global Society. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
  4. ^ Law Library of Congress (U.S.). Global Legal Research Directorate, issuing body. Regulation of artificial intelligence in selected jurisdictions. OCLC 1110727808.
  5. ^ Wirtz, Bernd W.; Weyerer, Jan C.; Geyer, Carolin (2018-07-24). "Artificial Intelligence and the Public Sector—Applications and Challenges". International Journal of Public Administration. 42 (7): 596–615. doi:10.1080/01900692.2018.1498103. ISSN 0190-0692. S2CID 158829602. Archived from the original on 2020-08-18. Retrieved 2024-09-25.
  6. ^ Fitsilis, Fotios (2019). Imposing Regulation on Advanced Algorithms. Springer International Publishing. ISBN 978-3-030-27978-3.
  7. ^ Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, §1002.9(b)(2)
  8. ^ Edwards, Lilian; Veale, Michael (2018). "Enslaving the Algorithm: From a 'Right to an Explanation' to a 'Right to Better Decisions'?" (PDF). IEEE Security & Privacy. 16 (3): 46–54. doi:10.1109/MSP.2018.2701152. S2CID 4049746. SSRN 3052831. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-10-21. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
  9. ^ Treleaven, Philip; Barnett, Jeremy; Koshiyama, Adriano (February 2019). "Algorithms: Law and Regulation". Computer. 52 (2): 32–40. doi:10.1109/MC.2018.2888774. ISSN 0018-9162. S2CID 85500054. Archived from the original on 2024-08-17. Retrieved 2024-09-25.
  10. ^ Hao, Karen (January 21, 2019). "AI is sending people to jail—and getting it wrong". MIT Technology Review. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
  11. ^ Ledford, Heidi (2019-10-24). "Millions of black people affected by racial bias in health-care algorithms". Nature. 574 (7780): 608–609. Bibcode:2019Natur.574..608L. doi:10.1038/d41586-019-03228-6. PMID 31664201. S2CID 204943000. Archived from the original on 2024-09-23. Retrieved 2024-09-25.