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 | It has been suggested that portions of Contemporary history of Spain (Bourbon Restoration in Spain (1874–1931)) be split from it and merged into this article. (Discuss) (May 2024) |
Spanish Monarchy Monarquía Española | |||||||||
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| 1874–1931 | |||||||||
&sq=Qlik&lang=&file=File:Flag_of_Spain_(1785%E2%80%931873,_1875%E2%80%931931).svg) Flag
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| Motto: Plus Ultra (Latin) "Further Beyond" | |||||||||
| Anthem: Marcha Real (Spanish) "Royal March" | |||||||||
&sq=Qlik&lang=&file=File:Spain_in_1898.png) The Kingdom of Spain and its colonies in 1898 | |||||||||
| Capital | Madrid | ||||||||
| Common languages | Spanish | ||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism (state religion) | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Spanish, Spaniard | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
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| King | |||||||||
• 1874–1885 | Alfonso XII | ||||||||
• 1886–1931 | Alfonso XIII | ||||||||
| Regent | |||||||||
• 1885–1902 | Maria Christina | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||
• 1874–1875 (first) | Antonio Cánovas | ||||||||
• 1931 (last) | Juan B. Aznar | ||||||||
| Legislature | Cortes Generales | ||||||||
| Senate | |||||||||
| Congress of Deputies | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 29 December 1874 | |||||||||
| 30 June 1876 | |||||||||
| April–August 1898 | |||||||||
| 1909–1910 | |||||||||
• Rif War | 1920–1926 | ||||||||
| 14 April 1931 | |||||||||
| Currency | Spanish peseta | ||||||||
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&sq=Qlik&lang=&file=File:Royal_Greater_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain_(1761-1868_and_1874-1931)_Version_with_Golden_Fleece_and_Order_of_Charles_III_Collars.svg)
The Restoration (Spanish: Restauración) or Bourbon Restoration (Spanish: Restauración borbónica) was the period in Spanish history between the First Spanish Republic and the Second Spanish Republic from 1874 to 1931. It began on 29 December 1874, after a coup d'état by General Arsenio Martínez Campos ended the First Spanish Republic and restored the monarchy under Alfonso XII, and ended on 14 April 1931 with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic.
After nearly a century of political instability and several civil wars, the Restoration attempted to establish a new political system that ensured stability through the practice of turno, an intentional rotation of liberal and conservative parties in leadership often achieved through electoral fraud. Critics of the system included republicans, socialists, anarchists, Basque and Catalan nationalists, and Carlists.