| Horizontal cell | |
|---|---|
 Plan of retinal neurons. | |
| Details | |
| System | Visual system |
| Location | Retina |
| Identifiers | |
| MeSH | D051248 |
| NeuroLex ID | nifext_40 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |
Horizontal cells are the laterally interconnecting neurons having cell bodies in the inner nuclear layer of the retina of vertebrate eyes. They help integrate and regulate the input from multiple photoreceptor cells. Among their functions, horizontal cells are believed to be responsible for increasing contrast via lateral inhibition and adapting both to bright and dim light conditions. Horizontal cells provide inhibitory feedback to rod and cone photoreceptors.[1][2] They are thought to be important for the antagonistic center-surround property of the receptive fields of many types of retinal ganglion cells.[3]
Other retinal neurons include photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and retinal ganglion cells.
- ^ Masland, RH (2012). "The neuronal organization of the retina". Neuron. 76 (2): 266–280. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.10.002. PMC 3714606. PMID 23083731.
- ^ Demb JB, Singer JH (November 2015). "Functional Circuitry of the Retina". Annu Rev Vis Sci. 1: 263–289. doi:10.1146/annurev-vision-082114-035334. PMC 5749398. PMID 28532365.
- ^ Chaya, Taro; Matsumoto, Akihiro; Sugita, Yuko; Watanabe, Satoshi; Kuwahara, Ryusuke; Tachibana, Masao; Furukawa, Takahisa (2017-07-17). "Versatile functional roles of horizontal cells in the retinal circuit". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 5540. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.5540C. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05543-2. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5514144. PMID 28717219.