Retinoblastoma protein

RB1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1AD6, 1GH6, 1GUX, 1H25, 1N4M, 1O9K, 1PJM, 2AZE, 2QDJ, 2R7G, 3N5U, 3POM, 4ELJ, 4ELL, 4CRI
Identifiers
Aliases	RB1, pRb, RB, retinoblastoma 1, OSRC, PPP1R130, p105-Rb, pp110, Retinoblastoma protein, RB transcriptional corepressor 1, p110-RB1
External IDs	OMIM: 614041; MGI: 97874; HomoloGene: 272; GeneCards: RB1; OMA:RB1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 13 (human)[1] Band 13q14.2 Start 48,303,744 bp[1] End 48,599,436 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse)[2] Band 14 38.73 cM|14 D3 Start 73,421,113 bp[2] End 73,563,262 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in epithelium of nasopharynx Epithelium of choroid plexus visceral pleura germinal epithelium gingival epithelium palpebral conjunctiva parietal pleura seminal vesicula mucosa of paranasal sinus Brodmann area 23 Top expressed in molar fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell blood tibiofemoral joint human fetus hair follicle secondary oocyte cumulus cell sexually immature organism zygote More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity transcription coactivator activity transcription factor binding phosphoprotein binding kinase binding protein binding androgen receptor binding identical protein binding enzyme binding ubiquitin protein ligase binding importin-alpha family protein binding disordered domain specific binding cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component PML body SWI/SNF complex transcription regulator complex spindle cyclin/CDK positive transcription elongation factor complex chromatin nucleus nucleoplasm Rb-E2F complex Biological process negative regulation of cell population proliferation negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle neuron apoptotic process androgen receptor signaling pathway chromatin remodeling negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway negative regulation of protein kinase activity cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of macrophage differentiation cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus negative regulation of cell cycle negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity transcription, DNA-templated glial cell apoptotic process regulation of cohesin loading regulation of cell cycle neuron maturation cell division positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition regulation of centromere complex assembly enucleate erythrocyte differentiation neuron differentiation regulation of mitotic cell cycle negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation skeletal muscle cell differentiation sister chromatid biorientation protein localization to chromosome, centromeric region cell cycle striated muscle cell differentiation Ras protein signal transduction myoblast differentiation viral process negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated neuron projection development digestive tract development maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion regulation of lipid kinase activity positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II hepatocyte apoptotic process apoptotic process positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding negative regulation of gene expression regulation of cell growth tissue homeostasis regulation of transcription, DNA-templated G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle chromatin organization aortic valve morphogenesis negative regulation of inflammatory response positive regulation of extracellular matrix organization positive regulation of collagen fibril organization negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation cell differentiation negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity negative regulation of tau-protein kinase activity negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5925 19645 Ensembl ENSG00000139687 ENSMUSG00000022105 UniProt P06400 P13405 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000321 NM_009029 RefSeq (protein) NP_000312 NP_000312.2 NP_033055 Location (UCSC) Chr 13: 48.3 – 48.6 Mb Chr 14: 73.42 – 73.56 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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The retinoblastoma protein (protein name abbreviated Rb or pRb; gene name abbreviated Rb, RB or RB1) is a tumor suppressor protein that is dysfunctional in several major cancers.^[5] One function of pRb is to prevent excessive cell growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide. When the cell is ready to divide, pRb is phosphorylated, inactivating it, and the cell cycle is allowed to progress. It is also a recruiter of several chromatin remodeling enzymes such as methylases and acetylases.^[6]

pRb belongs to the pocket protein family, whose members have a pocket for the functional binding of other proteins.^[7][8] Should an oncogenic protein, such as those produced by cells infected by high-risk types of human papillomavirus, bind and inactivate pRb, this can lead to cancer. The RB gene may have been responsible for the evolution of multicellularity in several lineages of life including animals.^[9]