| Part of World War II | |||||||||
.jpg) Japanese surrender ceremony in Taipei | |||||||||
| Native name | 臺灣光復 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | October 25, 1945 | ||||||||
| Outcome | Taiwan came under control of the Republic of China | ||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 臺灣光復 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 台湾光复 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Japanese name | |||||||||
| Kanji | 台湾光復 | ||||||||
| Hiragana | たいわんこうふく | ||||||||
On 25 October 1945, Japan handed over Taiwan and Penghu to the Republic of China, as a result of the World War II. This marked the end of Japanese rule and the beginning of post-war era of Taiwan. This event was referred to by the Republic of China as the retrocession of Taiwan (臺灣光復).[1][2][3][4] The Republic of China government viewed this as the restoration of Chinese administration over Taiwan, following its cession to Japan in 1895 after the Qing dynasty's defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War. Therefore, the event was named "retrocession",[2] a notion that has been controversial since the democratisation of Taiwan in the 1990s. The date of the handover was annually celebrated as the Retrocession Day, a former public holiday in Taiwan from 1946 to 2000.
On 15 August 1945, Japan announced its surrender following its defeat in World War II. On 2 September, Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, issued General Order No. 1, instructing Japanese forces in various locations to surrender to the Allies. The order specified that Japanese troops in Taiwan were to surrender to the Chinese leader Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang delegated He Yingqin as his plenipotentiary for the surrender process, who further appointed Chen Yi to oversee the surrender in Taiwan. The Governor-General of Taiwan and Commander of the Japanese 10th Area Army, Rikichi Andō, on behalf of Japan, surrendered to Chen Yi at the Taipei Public Hall on 25 October, signing the documents to formalise the transfer.[5][6]
- ^ 國籍與公民權：人民與國家「身分連結」的法制溯源與法理分析 Archived 2015-01-07 at the Wayback Machine，第34-36頁，李建良，台北：中研院政治所、中研院社會所，2006-05-26
- ^ a b "中華民國外交史料特展 臺灣光復". 國立故宮博物院. Archived from the original on 2015-07-11. Retrieved 2014-12-16.
- ^ 蘇瑤崇，「終戰」到「光復」期間臺灣政治與社會變化 Archived 2015-05-18 at the Wayback Machine，國史館集刊第十三期，2007年9月
- ^ 臺灣省諮議會 (2005). 臺灣省參議會、臨時省議會暨省議會時期史料彙編計畫－蔡鴻文先生史料彙編（下） (PDF). 臺灣省諮議會. ISBN 986-00-4270-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-07-14. Retrieved 2015-05-02.
- ^ "中山堂受降檔案分析" (PDF) (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 國史館. 2010-12-15. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-03-09. Retrieved 2017-11-01.
- ^ 臺灣省諮議會- 戰後臺灣如何「光復」？ Archived 2018-11-14 at the Wayback Machine，臺灣議政史料展，臺灣省諮議會網站