Rhuddanian

Rhuddanian
443.8 ± 1.5 – 440.8 ± 1.2 Ma
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Chronology
Etymology
Name formalityFormal
Usage information
Celestial bodyEarth
Regional usageGlobal (ICS)
Time scale(s) usedICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unitAge
Stratigraphic unitStage
Time span formalityFormal
Lower boundary definitionFAD of the graptolite Akidograptus ascensus
Lower boundary GSSPDob's Linn, Moffat, U.K.
55°26′24″N 3°16′12″W / 55.4400°N 3.2700°W / 55.4400; -3.2700
Lower GSSP ratified1984[4][5]
Upper boundary definitionFAD of the graptolite Demirastrites triangulatus
Upper boundary GSSPHlásná Třebaň section, Czech Republic
49°55′23″N 14°12′43″E / 49.9230°N 14.2119°E / 49.9230; 14.2119[6]
Upper GSSP ratified2024[7][8]

In the geologic timescale, the Rhuddanian is the first age of the Silurian Period and of the Llandovery Epoch. The Silurian is in the Paleozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon.[9] The Rhuddanian Age began 443.8 ± 1.5 Ma and ended 440.8 ± 1.2 Ma (million years ago). It succeeds the Hirnantian Age (the last age of the Ordovician Period) and precedes the Aeronian Age.[10]

  1. ^ Jeppsson, L.; Calner, M. (2007). "The Silurian Mulde Event and a scenario for secundo—secundo events". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 93 (02): 135–154. doi:10.1017/S0263593300000377.
  2. ^ Munnecke, A.; Samtleben, C.; Bickert, T. (2003). "The Ireviken Event in the lower Silurian of Gotland, Sweden-relation to similar Palaeozoic and Proterozoic events". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 195 (1): 99–124. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00304-3.
  3. ^ "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. September 2023. Retrieved November 10, 2024.
  4. ^ Lucas, Spencer (6 November 2018). "The GSSP Method of Chronostratigraphy: A Critical Review". Frontiers in Earth Science. 6: 191. Bibcode:2018FrEaS...6..191L. doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00191.
  5. ^ Holland, C. (June 1985). "Series and Stages of the Silurian System" (PDF). Episodes. 8 (2): 101–103. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/1985/v8i2/005. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  6. ^ "Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point". International Commission of Stratigraphy. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  7. ^ "Silurian Telychian and Aeronian stage GSSPs have been relocated". stratigraphy.org. International Commission on Stratigraphy. Retrieved 1 March 2024.
  8. ^ Štorch, Petr. "Formal proposal for a new Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Aeronian Stage at Hlásná Třebaň, Czech Republic" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Retrieved 16 April 2024.
  9. ^ Gradstein, Felix M.; Ogg, James G.; Smith, Alan G. (2004). A Geologic Time Scale 2004. ISBN 9780521786737.
  10. ^ "GSSP Table - All Periods". International Commission on Stratigraphy. Retrieved 15 September 2018.