Richat Structure
قلب الريشات Tagense[1] | |
|---|---|
 Image from the International Space Station, 17 December 2011 | |
  Richat Structure Location within Mauritania  Richat Structure Location within Africa | |
| Coordinates: 21°06′53″N 11°23′39″W / 21.114700°N 11.394300°W | |
| Location | Adrar Plateau of the Sahara |
| Part of | Adrar Region, Mauritania |
| Native name | قلب الريشات |
The Richat Structure, or Guelb er Richât (Arabic: قلب الريشات, romanized: Qalb ar-Rīšāt, Hassaniyya: [galb er.riːʃaːt] ), is a prominent circular geological feature in the Adrar Plateau of the Sahara. It is located near Ouadane in the Adrar Region of Mauritania. In Hassaniya Arabic, rīšāt means feathers and it is also known locally in Arabic as tagense, referring to the circular opening of the leather pouch that is used to draw water from local wells.[1]
It is an eroded geological dome, 40 kilometres (25 mi) in diameter caused by a subsurface igneous intrusion deforming the overlying sedimentary rock layers, causing the rock to be exposed as concentric rings with the oldest layers exposed at the centre of the structure. Igneous rock is exposed inside and there are rhyolites and gabbros that have undergone hydrothermal alteration, and a central megabreccia. The structure is also the location of exceptional accumulations of Acheulean Paleolithic stone tools. It was selected as one of the 100 geological heritage sites identified by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) to be of the highest scientific value.[2]
- ^ a b Richard-Molard, J. (1952). "The Pseudo-boutonniers of Richat". Gouvernement Général de l'Afrique Occidentale Française Bulletin de la Direction des Mines. 15 (2): 391–401.
- ^ "The First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites" (PDF). IUGS International Commission on Geoheritage. IUGS. Retrieved 3 November 2022.