Roman, Román, or Romans is a surname appeared in many countries. Notable people with the surname include:
- Adalberto Román (born 1987), Paraguayan football player
- Aída Román (born 1988), Mexican archer
- Alexandru Roman (1826–1897), Romanian publisher and academic, one of the founding members of the Romanian Academy
- Alison Roman (born 1985), American food writer, chef and internet personality and author of various cookbooks
- Antonino Roman (1939-2014), Filipino politician
- Begoña Román Maestre (born 1965), Spanish philosopher, university professor, researcher
- Bernard Romans (1741–1784), Dutch-born American navigator, surveyor, cartographer, naturalist, engineer, soldier, promoter, and writer
- Brian P. Roman, American astronomer
- Christine Romans, the Chief Business Correspondent on CNN
- Dale Romans (born 1966), American Thoroughbred racehorse trainer
- Francisco S. Román (1930–2016), Filipino scout
- Freddie Roman (1937-2022), American comedian
- Geraldine Roman (born 1967), Filipina journalist and politician
- Herminia Roman (born 1940), Filipina politician
- Johan Helmich Roman (1694–1758), Swedish composer
- Letícia Román (born 1941), Italian film actress
- Michael A. Roman, director of Election Day Operations for 2020 Trump campaign
- Michael F. Roman (born 1959/60), CEO of 3M
- Miguel Román (born 1985), Mexican super featherweight boxer
- Mihai Roman (born 1984), Romanian football player
- Mihai Roman (footballer, born 1992), Romanian football player
- Nancy Roman (1925–2018), American astronomer
- Nick Roman (1947–2003), American football player
- Paco Román (1869–1899), Filipino-Spanish soldier and revolutionary
- Petre Roman (born 1946), Romanian politician and Prime Minister of Romania
- Phil Roman (born 1930), American animator
- Raúl Román (born 1977), Paraguayan football player
- Ric Roman (1916–2000), American actor
- Ruth Roman (1922–1999), American actress
- Stephen Boleslav Roman (1921–1988), Slovakian-born Canadian mining engineer and mining executive
- Susan Roman (born 1957), Canadian voice actress
- Tony Roman (1936–1992), Czechoslovakian-born Canadian politician
- Valter Roman (1913–1983), Romanian communist activist and soldier