Boniface | |
|---|---|
 Saint Boniface by Cornelis Bloemaert, c. 1630 | |
| Bishop Martyr Apostle to the Germans | |
| Born | c. 675[1] Crediton, Dumnonia |
| Died | 5 June 754 (aged around 79) near Dokkum, Frisia |
| Venerated in | Catholic Church Lutheranism Eastern Orthodox Church Anglican Communion |
| Major shrine | Fulda Cathedral St Boniface Catholic Church, Crediton, UK |
| Feast | 5 June |
| Attributes | In bishop's robes, book pierced by a sword (also axe; oak; scourge) |
| Patronage | Fulda; Germania; England (Orthodox Church; jointly with Ss. Augustine of Canterbury, and Cuthbert of Lindisfarne. The Orthodox Church also recognises him as patron Saint of Germany); Devon |
Boniface (born Wynfreth; c. 675[2] – 5 June 754) was an English Benedictine monk and leading figure in the Anglo-Saxon mission to the Germanic parts of Francia during the eighth century. He organised significant foundations of the church in Germany and was made bishop of Mainz by Pope Gregory III. He was martyred in Frisia in 754, along with 52 others, and his remains were returned to Fulda, where they rest in a sarcophagus which remains a site of Christian pilgrimage.
Boniface's life and death as well as his work became widely known, there being a wealth of material available — a number of vitae, especially the near-contemporary Vita Bonifatii auctore Willibaldi, legal documents, possibly some sermons, and above all his correspondence. He is venerated as a saint in the Christian church and became the patron saint of Germania, known as the "Apostle to the Germans".
Norman Cantor notes the three roles Boniface played that made him "one of the truly outstanding creators of the first Europe, as the apostle of Germania, the reformer of the Frankish church, and the chief fomentor of the alliance between the papacy and the Carolingian family."[3] Through his efforts to reorganize and regulate the church of the Franks, he helped shape the Latin Church in Europe, and many of the dioceses he proposed remain today. After his martyrdom, he was quickly hailed as a saint in Fulda and other areas in Germania and in England. He is still venerated strongly today by Catholics in Germany and throughout the German diaspora. Boniface is celebrated as a missionary; he is regarded as a unifier of Europe, and he is regarded by German Roman Catholics as a national figure.[citation needed]
In 2019 Devon County Council, with the support of the Anglican Diocese of Exeter, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Plymouth, and local Devon leaders of the Orthodox, Methodist, and Congregational churches, officially recognised St Boniface as the Patron Saint of Devon.[4][5][6]
- ^ Boniface, Saint. Vol. 3 (15th ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 1974. pp. 31–32. ISBN 0-85229-305-4.
- ^ Aherne, Consuelo Maria. "Saint Boniface". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ Cantor 167-68.
- ^ "St Boniface set to become Patron Saint of Devon". Diocese of Exeter. 24 May 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ^ "Devon Day and Patron Saints - Report of the County Solicitor" (PDF). Devon County Council. 17 November 2020. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ^ "St Boniface set to become Patron Saint of Devon". Diocese of Plymouth. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 5 June 2023.