Repubblica di San Marino (Italian) | |
|---|---|
| Motto: Libertas (Latin: "Freedom") | |
| Anthem: Inno Nazionale della Repubblica "National Anthem of the Republic" | |
 Location of San Marino (green) in Europe (dark grey) | |
| Capital | City of San Marino 43°56′N 12°26′E / 43.933°N 12.433°E |
| Largest settlement | Dogana 43°58′53″N 12°29′22″E / 43.98139°N 12.48944°E |
| Official languages | Italian[3] |
| Other languages | Romagnol |
| Religion | 91.5% Christianity 7.5% no religion 1.0% other |
| Demonym(s) | Sammarinese |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary diarchic directorial republic |
| Luca Beccari | |
| Legislature | Grand and General Council |
| Independence | |
• From the Roman Empire | 3 September 301 (traditional) |
• From the Papal States | 1291 |
| |
| Area | |
• Total | 61.19 km2 (23.63 sq mi)[1] (191st) |
• Water (%) | 0 |
| Population | |
• 2024 estimate | 35,436[4] (191st) |
• Density | 579/km2 (1,499.6/sq mi) (24th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2024 estimate |
• Total |  $2.978 billion[5] (176th) |
• Per capita | $86,989[5] (7th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2024 estimate |
• Total | $2.034 billion[5] (171st) |
• Per capita | $59,405[5] (12th) |
| HDI (2022) | 0.867[6] very high (43rd) |
| Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) |
| Time zone | UTC+01 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02 (CEST) |
| Drives on | right |
| Calling code | +378 (+39 0549 calling via Italy) |
| ISO 3166 code | SM |
| Internet TLD | .sm |
San Marino (/ˌsæn məˈriːnoʊ/ SAN mə-REE-noh, Italian: [sam maˈriːno]; Romagnol: San Maréin or San Maroin), officially the Republic of San Marino[1][2][8] (Italian: Repubblica di San Marino) and also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino[9] (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a European microstate surrounded by Italy.[10] Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, it is the fifth-smallest country in the world,[11] with a land area of just over 61 km2 (23+1⁄2 sq mi) and a population of 33,642, as of 2023.[12]
San Marino is a landlocked country; however, its northeastern end is within ten kilometres (six miles) of the Adriatic coast through the Italian city of Rimini. The country's capital city, the City of San Marino, is located atop Monte Titano, while its largest settlement is Dogana, within the municipality of Serravalle. San Marino's official language is Italian.
The country derives its name from Saint Marinus, a stonemason from the then-Roman island of Rab in present-day Croatia. According to legendary accounts, he was born in 275 AD, participated in the rebuilding of Rimini's city walls after their destruction by Liburnian pirates, and later founded an independent monastic community on Monte Titano in 301 AD; thus, San Marino lays claim to being the oldest extant sovereign state, as well as the oldest constitutional republic.[13]
Uniquely, San Marino's constitution dictates that its democratically elected legislature, the Grand and General Council, must elect two heads of state every six months. Known as the Captains Regent, they serve concurrently and with equal powers.
The country's economy is mainly based on finance, industry, services, retail, and tourism. It is one of the wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) per capita, with a figure comparable to the most developed European regions.[1] The country ranks 44th in the Human Development Index.[14]
- ^ a b c d e San Marino. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
- ^ a b "San Marino". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2012. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
- ^ "San Marino è". GOV.SM. Repubblica di San Marino. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
- ^ "Population, total - San Marino". World Bank Open Data. Archived from the original on 26 October 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: April 2024". imf.org. International Monetary Fund.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- ^ "San Marino" (PDF). UNECE Statistics Programme. UNECE. 2009. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ^ "Official Names of the United Nations Membership" (PDF). United Nations.
- ^ "FACTBOX: Five facts: Most Serene Republic of San Marino". Reuters. 17 August 2009. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "The Republic of San Marino: Italy's Mountaintop Microstate". Round the World in 30 Days. 14 August 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "World Bank Open Data". World Bank Open Data. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
- ^ "Europe's Micro-States: (04) San Marino". Deutsche Welle. 24 July 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.