| Premodern Japan | |
|---|---|
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| Daijō-daijin | |
| Minister of the Left | Sadaijin |
| Minister of the Right | Udaijin |
| Minister of the Center | Naidaijin |
| Major Counselor | Dainagon |
| Middle Counselor | Chūnagon |
| Minor Counselor | Shōnagon |
| Eight Ministries | |
| Center | Nakatsukasa-shō |
| Ceremonial | Shikibu-shō |
| Civil Administration | Jibu-shō |
| Popular Affairs | Minbu-shō |
| War | Hyōbu-shō |
| Justice | Gyōbu-shō |
| Treasury | Ōkura-shō |
| Imperial Household | Kunai-shō |
Sangi (参議) was an associate counselor in the Imperial court of Japan from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.[1]
This was a position in the daijō-kan, or early feudal Japanese government. It was established in 702 by the Code of Taihō.
In the ranks of the Imperial bureaucracy, the Sangi came between the Shōnagon (minor councillors) and those with more narrowly defined roles, such as the Sadaiben and Udaiben who were the administrators charged with oversight of the eight ministries of the government.[2]
In an early review of the Imperial hierarchy, Julius Klaproth's 1834 supplement to Nihon Odai Ichiran conflated the hierarchical position with a functional role as the director of palace affairs.[2]
Prominent among those holding this office were three brothers:
- Fujiwara no Fusasaki held the office of Sangi until he died in 737 (Tenpyō 9, 4th month)[3]
- Fujiwara no Maro held the office of Sangi until he died in 737 (Tenpyō 9, 7th month)[3]
- Fujiwara no Umakai held the office of Sangi until he died in 737 (Tenpyō 9, 8th month)[3]
The position was eliminated in 1885.[1] The House of Councillors (参議院 Sangi'in) and its members were named after it.
- ^ a b Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Sangi" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 817, p. 817, at Google Books.
- ^ a b Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 426., p. 426, at Google Books
- ^ a b c Titsingh, p. 69., p. 69, at Google Books