Sangley

Sangley
A mestiza de sangley, c. 1875
Languages
Philippine Spanish, Tagalog (Filipino), Philippine Hokkien, Cantonese, Taishanese, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon/Ilonggo, Philippine English, Waray-Waray, Bicolano, Kapampangan, Pangasinense, Maranao, Tausug, Maguindanaon, Chavacano, Kinaray-a, Surigaonon and other Chinese and Philippine languages
Related ethnic groups
Chinese Filipinos, Filipino mestizos

Sangley (English plural: Sangleys; Spanish plural: Sangleyes) and Mestizo de Sangley (Sangley mestizo, mestisong Sangley, chino mestizo or Chinese mestizo) are archaic terms used in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era to describe respectively a person of pure overseas Chinese ancestry and a person of mixed Chinese and native Filipino ancestry.[1] The Sangley Chinese were ancestors to both modern Chinese Filipinos and modern Filipino mestizo descendants of the Mestizos de Sangley, also known as Chinese mestizos, which are mixed descendants of Sangley Chinese and native Filipinos. Chinese mestizos were mestizos (mixed peoples) in the Spanish Empire, classified together with other Filipino mestizos.

The Spanish had such categories as indios (Spanish: indio, lit.'Indian' for natives of the East Indies), mestizos de Español (descendants of colonial ethnic Spanish and native-born Filipinos), the tornatrás (Spanish-Chinese mestizos, descendants of colonial Spanish Filipinos and Sangley Chinese), the mestizos de Bombay (Indian mestizos, descendants of colonial Indian Filipinos and native Filipinos), mestizos de japoneses (Japanese mestizos, descendants of colonial Japanese Filipinos and native Filipinos), etc.

Overseas Chinese entered the Philippines as traders prior to Spanish colonization. Many emigrated to the Philippines, establishing concentrated communities first in Manila and throughout the island of Luzon, then in other cities and settlements throughout the archipelago, historically going from Luzon to Visayas and Mindanao.

Other Filipino terms that refer to ethnic Chinese or Filipinos with Chinese ancestry:

  1. ^ "Chinese/Native intermarriage in Austronesian Asia". colorq.org. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. Retrieved January 8, 2011.
  2. ^ Chu, Richard T. (2012). Chinese and Chinese Mestizos of Manila: Family, Identity, and Culture, 1860s-1930s. BRILL. p. 1. ISBN 9789047426851.
  3. ^ Wolff, John U. (1972). A Dictionary of Cebuano Visayan. New York: Southeast Asia Program of Cornell University & Linguistic Society of the Philippines.
  4. ^ San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613). de Silva, Juan (Don.) (ed.). Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero (in Tagalog & Early Modern Spanish). La Noble Villa de Pila. p. 545. Sangley) Langlang (pc) anſi llamauan los viejos deſtos [a los] ſangleyes cuando venian [a tratar] con ellos [Sangley) Langlang (pc) this is what the elderlies called [the] Sangleyes when they came [to deal] with them]{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)