Santa Catarina | |
---|---|
Anthem: Hino do Estado de Santa Catarina | |
Coordinates: 27°15′S 50°20′W / 27.250°S 50.333°W | |
Country | Brazil |
Capital | Florianópolis |
Largest city | Joinville |
Government | |
• Governor | Jorginho Mello (PL) |
• Vice governor | Marilisa Boehm (PL) |
• Senators | Esperidião Amin (PP) Ivete da Silveira (MDB) Jorge Seif (PL) |
Area | |
• Total | 95,730.684 km2 (36,961.824 sq mi) |
• Rank | 20th |
Population (2022)[2] | |
• Total | 7,610,361 |
• Rank | 10th |
• Density | 79/km2 (210/sq mi) |
• Rank | 9th |
Demonym(s) | Catarinense Barriga-Verde (Green-Belly) |
GDP (nominal) | |
• Year | 2021 |
• Total | R$ 428.571 billion (US$ 79.5 billion)[3] (6th) |
• Per capita | R$ 56,314 US$ 10,446[3] (3rd) |
HDI | |
• Year | 2021 |
• Category | 0.792 – high (3rd) |
Time zone | UTC-3 (BRT) |
Postal Codes | 87000-000 to 89990-000 |
ISO 3166 code | BR-SC |
License Plate Letter Sequence | LWR to MMM, OKD to OKH, QHA to QJZ, QTK to QTM, RAA to RAJ, RDS to REB, RKW to RLP, RXK to RYZ, SXA to SXZ |
Website | sc.gov.br |
Santa Catarina (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈsɐ̃tɐ kataˈɾinɐ] ) is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil. It is located in the centre of the country's Southern region. It is bordered to the north by the state of Paraná, to the south by the state of Rio Grande do Sul, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the west by the Argentine province of Misiones.[4]
The state covers an area of approximately 95,730.69 square kilometres (37,000 sq mi), comparable to Hungary, and ranking as the seventh smallest Brazilian state by area.[1][5][4] With a population of 7.6 million inhabitants in 2022, it is the tenth most populous state in Brazil.[1] Its capital is Florianópolis, the second most populous city in the state after Joinville. Alongside Espírito Santo, Santa Catarina is one of the two states whose capital is not the largest city.[6] Jorginho Mello, a member of the conservative Liberal Party, has been the governor of the state since 2023.[7]
It is one of the Brazilian states with the most mountainous terrain, where 52% of the territory is located above 600 metres.[8] According to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system, Santa Catarina predominantly features a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) in the coastal lowlands and the lower altitude areas of the plateau, whilst the remainder of the plateau is characterised by an oceanic climate (Cfb).[9]
The state of Santa Catarina is one of the oldest states in Brazil. It separated from São Paulo in 1738, with José da Silva Pais serving as its first governor. The state was established to extend Portuguese dominions to southern Brazil, reaching as far as the Rio de la Plata region.[10] It is also the oldest state in the South Region of Brazil, predating Rio Grande do Sul (1807) and Paraná (1853). The state was populated by various peoples throughout its history, such as the indigenous Carijós people of the Tupi-Guarani group, and later became an important destination for Azorean Portuguese, Italian, German, and other European immigrants.[10] African slaves and their descendants also contributed to the formation of the state's population.[11]
The socioeconomic indicators of Santa Catarina rank among the best in Brazil. The state leads in life expectancy and public safety, and boasts the lowest rates of homicide, illiteracy, poverty and extreme poverty in the country.[12][13][14][15] It holds also the third-highest Human Development Index (HDI), the third-highest GDP per capita, and the third-lowest rates of infant mortality. Additionally, it is the federative unit with the least economic inequality in Brazil.[1][16]
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