Sayn

County of Sayn Grafschaft Sayn
11th century–1605
Coat of arms
Sayn c. 1450
Status	State of the Holy Roman Empire
Capital	Sayn (in German)
Government	Principality
Historical era	Middle Ages
• Established	before 1139 11th century
• To Counts of Sponheim	1247
• Partitioned into S-Sayn     and S-Vallendar	1294
• Partitioned into S-Sayn,     S-Berleburg and     S-Wittgenstein	1605
• S-Wittgenstein partitioned into     S-W-Sayn-Altenkirchen     and S-W-Hachenburg	1648
Preceded by Succeeded by Duchy of Franconia Sayn-Berleburg Sayn-Sayn Sayn-Wittgenstein
Today part of	Germany

Sayn was a small German county of the Holy Roman Empire which, during the Middle Ages, existed within what is today Rheinland-Pfalz.

There have been two Counties of Sayn. The first emerged in 1139 and became closely associated with the County of Sponheim early in its existence. Count Henry II was notable for being accused of satanic orgies by the Church's German Grand Inquisitor, Conrad von Marburg, in 1233. Henry was acquitted by an assembly of bishops in Mainz, but Conrad refused to accept the verdict and left Mainz. It is unknown whether it was Henry's Knights who killed Conrad on his return to Thuringia, but investigation was foregone due to the cruelty of Conrad, despite Pope Gregory IX ordering his murderers to be punished. With the death of Henry in 1246, the County passed to the Counts of Sponheim-Eberstein and thence to Sponheim-Sayn in 1261.

The second County of Sayn emerged as a partition of Sponheim-Sayn in 1283 (the other partition being Sayn-Homburg). It was notable for its numerous co-reigns, and it endured until 1608 when it was inherited by the Counts of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn. A lack of clear heirs of William III of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn led to the temporary annexation of the comital territories by the Archbishop of Cologne until the succession was decided. In 1648 following the Thirty Years' War, the County was divided between Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn-Altenkirchen and Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hachenburg.