Sayram (city)

For other uses, see Sayram (disambiguation).
Sayram
Kazakh: Сайрам, romanized: Sairam
Sayram is located in Kazakhstan
Sayram
Sayram
Location in Kazakhstan
Coordinates: 42°18′0″N 69°46′0″E / 42.30000°N 69.76667°E / 42.30000; 69.76667
Country Kazakhstan
RegionShymkent City
Founded10th century BC
Government
 • Akim (mayor)Husan Muzafarhanovich Akhmadhanov
Area
 • City10 km2 (4.2 sq mi)
Elevation
600 m (1,970 ft)
Population
 (2009 census)
 • City32,757
 • Metro
Shymkent
Time zoneUTC+6 (ALMT)
Postal code
160812
Area code+7 72531
ClimateCsa
Old name: Isfījāb

Sayram (Kazakh: Сайрам, romanized: Sairam [sɑjˈrɑm]) is a rural locality located in eastern Shymkent on the Sayram Su River, which rises at the nearby 4000-meter mountain Sayram Su. In medieval times, the city and countryside were located on the banks of the Arys River, into which the Sayram Su river flows. Since 2018, it has been part of Shymkent City. Population: 30,887 (2009 Census results);[1] 25,408 (1999 Census results).[1]

The city celebrated the 3,000th anniversary of its founding in 1999.[2] It is among the oldest cities in Kazakhstan, as well as one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the World, the site of the first mosque in Kazakhstan,[3] and similarly among the oldest cities in Transoxania.[4] Sayram is significant today for maintaining mud-brick architecture and the absence of Soviet-style architecture. There are many pre-20th-century mausoleums, and more continue to be built.

Archaeology in Central Asia was active following its conquest by the Russian Empire, but remains a relatively understudied area. There has been some field work done in the city both before and during the rise of the Soviet Union, and there is likewise renewed interest in the city as one of the oldest cities of the independent country of Kazakhstan. Notable among the archaeological discoveries is evidence of an early plumbing system like the kinds found in Samarqand and other cities of the early Persian empires.[4]

There is another city named Sayram in Xinjiang, China located between Kucha and Aksu, which, according to local tradition, was founded by captives captured by the Qalmaqs.[5]

  1. ^ a b "Население Республики Казахстан" [Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (in Russian). Департамент социальной и демографической статистики. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
  2. ^ Sayram Region, 75th Anniversary. By Yerkin Nurazxan, editor 2003. Published independently.
  3. ^ The monumental inscriptions from early Islamic Iran and Transoxiana. By Sheila Blair. Published by BRILL, 1992. ISBN 90-04-09367-2
  4. ^ a b Kazakhstan: Coming of Age. Michael Fergus and Zhanar Zhandosova, Stacey International Publishers, March 2004 (ISBN 1900988615)
  5. ^ Barthold, rev. of Tārīkh-i Amniyya, in Sochineniya, viii, 213