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A scorpion-man appears in the bottom panel of this Bull Lyre (ca. 2450 BCE), now in the Penn Museum in Philadelphia, which was excavated from Ur by the archaeologist Sir Leonard Woolley.

Scorpion-men (Akkadian: 𒄈𒋰𒇽𒍇𒇻, romanized: girtablullû^[1]^[2]^[3] feature in several Akkadian language myths from ancient Mesopotamia, including the epic Enûma Elish and the Standard Babylonian version of the Epic of Gilgamesh.

In the visual arts, the form of scorpion-men varies, though they often have the head, torso, and arms of a man and the body and tail of a scorpion.

^ Civil, Manuel; Gelb, Ignace J.; Landsberger, Benno; Oppenheim, A. Leo; Reiner, Erica, eds. (1968). "aqrabu". The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Vol. 1. Chicago, United States: Oriental Institute. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-918-98606-1.
^ Gelb, Ignace J.; Landsberger, Benno; Oppenheim, A. Leo, eds. (1961). "zuqaqīpu". The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Vol. 21. Chicago, United States: Oriental Institute. pp. 163–168. ISBN 978-0-918-98606-1.
^ "Girtablilu [SCORPION-MAN] (DN)". Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus. University of Pennsylvania.